Department of Physical Therapy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
Phys Ther. 2011 Dec;91(12):1715-27. doi: 10.2522/ptj.20100389. Epub 2011 Oct 14.
The purposes of this perspective article are: (1) to explore models of disability from the perspective of the academic discipline of disability studies (DS), (2) to consider the paradox of improving functional capacities while valuing disability as diversity, (3) to identify how physical therapy's use of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) disablement model intersects with various disability models, and (4) to apply this broader understanding of disability to physical therapist practice, education, and research. The DS literature has been critical of rehabilitation professionals, particularly targeting the medical model of disability. In contrast, advocates for a social model of disability recognize disability as diversity. It is paradoxical for physical therapy to simultaneously work to ameliorate disability while celebrating it as diversity. The ICF biopsychosocial disablement model offers a mechanism to practice within this paradox and suggests that it is no longer sufficient to conceptualize disability as a purely individual matter that requires attention in isolation from the impact of the larger society.
（1）从残疾研究学术领域的角度探讨残疾模式；（2）考虑在提高功能能力的同时重视残疾作为多样性的悖论；（3）确定物理治疗如何使用国际功能、残疾和健康分类（ICF）的残疾模型与各种残疾模型相交；（4）将对残疾的这种更广泛的理解应用于物理治疗师的实践、教育和研究。残疾研究文献对康复专业人员提出了批评，特别是针对残疾的医学模式。相比之下，残疾的社会模式倡导者承认残疾是多样性的。物理治疗在同时努力改善残疾的同时庆祝它作为多样性，这是自相矛盾的。国际功能、残疾和健康分类的生物心理社会残疾模型提供了在这种悖论中实践的机制，并表明，将残疾仅仅视为需要从更大的社会影响中孤立出来关注的纯粹个人问题的概念已经不再足够。
