Department of Radiology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
J Thorac Imaging. 2011 Nov;26(4):249-62. doi: 10.1097/RTI.0b013e31822428ef.
Various neoplasms and nonneoplastic diseases affect the tracheobronchial tree and cause focal or diffuse airway luminal narrowing or dilatation. For the identification and characterization of various large airway diseases, imaging, particularly computed tomography, plays a key role. Advances in computed tomography technology and postprocessing techniques enable the rapid, noninvasive, comprehensive, and accurate evaluation of the tracheobronchial tree. This article provides a radiologic review of various large airway diseases, including congenital tracheobronchial abnormalities such as infection, inflammation, and infiltrative diseases causing large airway narrowing with wall thickening; tracheal stricture; tracheal neoplasm; bronchiectasis; broncholithiasis; and bronchial anthracofibrosis.
各种肿瘤和非肿瘤性疾病会累及气管支气管树，导致局灶性或弥漫性气道管腔狭窄或扩张。为了识别和描述各种大气道疾病，影像学检查，尤其是计算机断层扫描（CT），起着关键作用。CT 技术和后处理技术的进步使气管支气管树的快速、无创、全面和准确评估成为可能。本文对各种大气道疾病的影像学表现进行了综述，包括先天性气管支气管异常，如感染、炎症和浸润性疾病导致的大气道狭窄伴管壁增厚；气管狭窄；气管肿瘤；支气管扩张；支气管结石；和支气管炭末沉着症。
