Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA.
Clin Anat. 2011 Nov;24(8):1000-4. doi: 10.1002/ca.21289.
A fibulocalcaneus (peroneocalcaneus) internus (PCI) muscle (of MacAlister) was identified and photographed in the left leg of a 78-year-old Caucasian female cadaver. This case study provides the first gross anatomical photo of this anomalous leg muscle and represents the first gross anatomical dissection of this muscle since 1914. The PCI muscle arose from the distal third of the fibula, posterior intermuscular septum of the leg, and flexor hallucis longus muscle. The PCI muscle inserted into the inferior surface of the medial calcaneus distal to the coronoid fossa, a small depression between the anterior tuberosity and the anterior apex of the sustentaculum tali. This insertion point differs from the historical literature, which commonly refers to the muscle inserting into the inferior surface of the sustentaculum tali of the calcaneus or simply distal to the sustentaculum tali into the medial aspect of the calcaneus. The PCI muscle is one of the least common muscular variants associated with the ankle joint, and it has been implicated in posterior ankle pain and impingement, as well as involvement in tarsal tunnel syndrome. This muscle is often confused with the flexor digitorum accessorius longus (FDAL) muscle. Additionally, this study describes ways to differentiate between the PCI and FDAL muscles in the lower leg. Radiologists and clinicians should be aware of this anomalous muscle when considering various diagnoses, interpreting radiographs, and pursuing surgical intervention to relieve posterior ankle symptoms.
腓骨跟骨（腓肠内）内肌（麦卡利斯特肌）在一名 78 岁白人女性尸体的左腿中被识别并拍摄下来。该案例研究提供了首例该异常腿部肌肉的大体解剖照片，也是自 1914 年以来首次对该肌肉进行大体解剖。腓肠内肌起自腓骨远端的三分之一、小腿的肌间后隔和趾长屈肌。腓肠内肌插入内跟骨的远侧表面，位于前结节和跟骨支撑突的前尖之间的小凹陷冠状窝下方。这个插入点与历史文献不同，文献通常指的是肌肉插入跟骨的支撑突的下表面，或者简单地插入跟骨的远侧表面到跟骨的内侧。腓肠内肌是与踝关节相关的最不常见的肌肉变体之一，它与后踝关节疼痛和撞击有关，也与跗管综合征有关。该肌肉常与趾长屈肌辅助长肌（FDAL）混淆。此外，本研究描述了在小腿区分腓肠内肌和 FDAL 肌肉的方法。放射科医生和临床医生在考虑各种诊断、解读 X 光片以及进行手术干预以缓解后踝关节症状时，应注意到这种异常肌肉。
