Manchester College School of Pharmacy, Fort Wayne, IN, USA.
Ann Pharmacother. 2011 Dec;45(12):1566-70. doi: 10.1345/aph.1Q410. Epub 2011 Oct 18.
To determine whether clinical trial data support the use of nitroglycerin for prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
A literature search using MEDLINE (1966-September 2011) and EMBASE (1973-September 2011) was conducted using the search terms nitroglycerin, bone mineral density, fracture, and osteoporosis. References of identified articles were reviewed for additional citations.
All English-language articles related to the use of nitroglycerin ointment in postmenopausal women were reviewed.
Four observational studies reported significant improvements in bone mineral density of postmenopausal women with the use of nitrates. One pilot study and 2 prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials reported conflicting results regarding the efficacy of nitroglycerin ointment.
Clinical data do not support use of nitroglycerin for this indication; its potential is limited at this time by inconclusive efficacy and a high incidence of headache. Further well-designed clinical trials demonstrating efficacy and safety of nitroglycerin ointment for prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis are needed before this medication can be recommended for routine use.
确定临床试验数据是否支持使用硝酸甘油预防绝经后骨质疏松症。
使用 MEDLINE（1966 年-2011 年 9 月）和 EMBASE（1973 年-2011 年 9 月）进行了文献检索，检索词为硝酸甘油、骨矿物质密度、骨折和骨质疏松症。对确定的文章的参考文献进行了审查，以寻找其他引用。
所有与绝经后妇女使用硝酸甘油软膏相关的英文文章均进行了回顾。
四项观察性研究报告称，使用硝酸盐可显著改善绝经后妇女的骨矿物质密度。一项初步研究和两项前瞻性、随机、安慰剂对照临床试验报告了关于硝酸甘油软膏疗效的相互矛盾的结果。
临床数据不支持将硝酸甘油用于该适应症；目前，其疗效不确定且头痛发生率高，限制了其应用潜力。在推荐硝酸甘油软膏常规用于预防绝经后骨质疏松症之前，需要进行更多设计良好的临床试验，以证明其疗效和安全性。
