Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Poult Sci. 2011 Nov;90(11):2520-7. doi: 10.3382/ps.2011-01436.
A study was conducted to determine the effect of including expeller-extracted canola meal (EECM) in diets for broilers on performance, thyroid gland size, liver and kidney sizes, blood serum concentration of triiodothyronine and tetraiodothyronine, hemoglobin content in blood, hematocrit, and histology of liver and kidney. A total of 200 male broiler chicks (1 d old) were divided into 40 groups of 5 birds balanced for BW and fed 5 diets in a completely randomized design (8 groups/diet) from d 1 to 21 of age. The diets were a complete corn-soybean meal-based basal diet with 0, 10, 20, 30, or 40% of EECM. Diets were formulated to have the same ME, CP, Ca, nonphytate P, and standardized ileal digestible Met and Lys contents. The EECM contained (% of DM) 37.8% CP, 0.74% Met, 2.14% Lys, 1.62% Thr, 1.61% Val, and 7.64 μmol/g of glucosinolates. An increase in dietary level of EECM from 0 to 40% resulted in a linear decrease in feed intake (P < 0.001) by 4.8 g/21-d period for each 1% increase in EECM and in BW gain (P < 0.001) by 6.0 g/21-d period for each 1% increase in EECM. However, dietary EECM linearly increased liver weight relative to live BW (P < 0.001) and serum tetraiodothyronine concentration (P = 0.019). An increase in dietary level of EECM from 0 to 40% did not result in a significant increase in kidney weight relative to live BW. There was no effect of EECM on heart and thyroid gland weights relative to live BW or on the blood hemoglobin content, hematocrit, and serum triiodothyronine concentration. In conclusion, an increase in dietary level of EECM resulted in reduced growth performance and may interfere with liver function, likely because of increased dietary concentration of glucosinolates. Thus, the amount of EECM included in broiler diets should be based on the desired growth performance and the cost of the EECM.
进行了一项研究，以确定在肉鸡日粮中添加压榨提取的菜粕（EECM）对其生产性能、甲状腺大小、肝脏和肾脏大小、血清中三碘甲状腺原氨酸和四碘甲状腺原氨酸浓度、血液中血红蛋白含量、血细胞比容以及肝脏和肾脏组织学的影响。将 200 只雄性肉鸡雏鸡（1 日龄）分为 40 组，每组 5 只，按体重平衡，并在 1 至 21 日龄期间采用完全随机设计（每组 8 个日粮）饲喂 5 种日粮。日粮是以玉米-豆粕为基础的全价日粮，EECM 的添加水平分别为 0、10、20、30 和 40%。日粮的设计使代谢能、粗蛋白、钙、非植酸磷和可消化回肠赖氨酸及蛋氨酸的含量保持一致。EECM 中（干物质基础）含有 37.8%粗蛋白、0.74%蛋氨酸、2.14%赖氨酸、1.62%苏氨酸、1.61%缬氨酸和 7.64 μmol/g 的硫代葡萄糖苷。EECM 从 0 水平增加到 40%，导致采食量呈线性下降（P＜0.001），每增加 1%EECM 则减少 4.8 g/21d；体重增加呈线性下降（P＜0.001），每增加 1%EECM 则减少 6.0 g/21d。然而，EECM 呈线性增加肝脏相对活重（P＜0.001）和血清四碘甲状腺原氨酸浓度（P=0.019）。EECM 从 0 水平增加到 40%对肾脏相对活重没有显著影响。EECM 对心脏和甲状腺的相对活重、血液血红蛋白含量、血细胞比容和血清三碘甲状腺原氨酸浓度没有影响。综上所述，日粮中 EECM 水平的增加会降低生长性能，可能会干扰肝功能，这很可能是由于硫代葡萄糖苷的浓度增加所致。因此，在肉鸡日粮中添加 EECM 的量应基于所需的生长性能和 EECM 的成本。
