Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Dev Dyn. 2011 Nov;240(11):2561-77. doi: 10.1002/dvdy.22762.
The inhibitor of differentiation Id2 is expressed in mesoderm of the second heart field, which contributes myocardial and mesenchymal cells to the primary heart tube. The role of Id2 in cardiac development is insufficiently known. Heart development was studied in sequential developmental stages in Id2 wildtype and knockout mouse embryos. Expression patterns of Id2, MLC-2a, Nkx2.5, HCN4, and WT-1 were analyzed. Id2 is expressed in myocardial progenitor cells at the inflow and outflow tract, in the endocardial and epicardial lineage, and in neural crest cells. Id2 knockout embryos show severe cardiac defects including abnormal orientation of systemic and pulmonary drainage, abnormal myocardialization of systemic and pulmonary veins, hypoplasia of the sinoatrial node, large interatrial communications, ventricular septal defects, double outlet right ventricle, and myocardial hypoplasia. Our results indicate a role for Id2 in the second heart field contribution at both the arterial and the venous poles of the heart.
分化抑制因子 Id2 表达在第二心脏场的中胚层中，为心脏的心肌和间质细胞提供原心脏管。Id2 在心脏发育中的作用尚不清楚。在 Id2 野生型和敲除小鼠胚胎的连续发育阶段研究了心脏发育。分析了 Id2、MLC-2a、Nkx2.5、HCN4 和 WT-1 的表达模式。Id2 在流入道和流出道的心肌祖细胞、心内膜和心外膜谱系以及神经嵴细胞中表达。Id2 敲除胚胎表现出严重的心脏缺陷，包括体循环和肺循环引流的异常方向、体循环和肺静脉的心肌异常化、窦房结发育不良、房间隔大沟通、室间隔缺损、右心室双出口和心肌发育不良。我们的结果表明 Id2 在心脏的动脉和静脉极的第二心脏场贡献中起作用。
