Department of Zoology, Melbourne University, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2011 Nov;7(6):789-802. doi: 10.1586/eci.11.65.
Many immune regulators are now identified as having key roles at the embryo-maternal interface. Importantly, a cohort of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors are produced by the endometrial glands and secreted into the uterine cavity where they act both on the blastocyst and on the endometrial surface, changing adhesive capacity, modifying blastocyst development and outgrowth and providing chemoattraction, in addition to their previously known functions in immune regulation. As implantation progresses to highly controlled invasion of the trophoblast through the maternal decidua, similar factors produced by glands, decidual cells and cells of the innate immune system are critical for guiding the trophoblast to the maternal vasculature and establishing a functional placenta. Disturbance to production or action of such mediators can result in loss of uterine receptivity (manifesting as infertility) or disorders of early pregnancy including recurrent miscarriage and preeclampsia.
许多免疫调节剂现已被确定在胚胎-母体界面中具有关键作用。重要的是，一组细胞因子、趋化因子和生长因子由子宫内膜腺体产生并分泌到子宫腔中，在那里它们既作用于胚泡又作用于子宫内膜表面，改变黏附能力，改变胚泡发育和外生，并提供趋化作用，除了它们以前在免疫调节中的已知功能。随着植入过程进展到滋养层通过母体蜕膜的高度受控入侵，腺体、蜕膜细胞和固有免疫系统细胞产生的类似因子对于引导滋养层进入母体血管系统并建立功能胎盘至关重要。这些介质的产生或作用的干扰可导致子宫容受性丧失（表现为不孕）或早期妊娠紊乱，包括反复流产和子痫前期。
