Built Environment Research Institute, University of Ulster, Shore Road, Newtownabbey, County Antrim, BT37 0QB, Northern Ireland, UK.
Health Place. 2012 Mar;18(2):274-85. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2011.09.018. Epub 2011 Oct 8.
This paper examines changing patterns in the utilisation and geographic access to health services in Great Britain using National Travel Survey data (1985-2006). The utilisation rate was derived using the proportion of journeys made to access health services. Geographic access was analysed by separating the concept into its accessibility and mobility dimensions. Regression analyses were conducted to investigate the differences between different socio-spatial groups in these indicators over the period 1985-2006. This study found that journey distances to health facilities were significantly shorter and also gradually reduced over the period in question for Londoners, females, those without a car or on low incomes, and older people. However, most of their rates of utilisation of health services were found to be significantly lower because their journey times were significantly longer and also gradually increased over the periods. These findings indicate that the rate of utilisation of health services largely depends on mobility level although previous research studies have traditionally overlooked the mobility dimension.
本文利用英国国家旅行调查数据（1985-2006 年），考察了英国医疗服务利用模式和地理可及性的变化情况。利用出行中用于获取医疗服务的比例计算服务利用率。将地理可及性的概念分解为可达性和流动性两个维度进行分析。回归分析用于研究不同社会空间群体在 1985-2006 年期间这些指标的差异。研究发现，在这段时间内，伦敦居民、女性、无车或低收入者以及老年人到医疗机构的出行距离明显缩短，且逐渐减少。然而，由于他们的出行时间明显延长且逐渐增加，他们的医疗服务利用率大多显著较低。这些发现表明，医疗服务的利用率在很大程度上取决于流动性水平，尽管之前的研究传统上忽视了流动性维度。
