The University of Montana Rural Institute, Missoula, MT 59812, USA.
Disabil Health J. 2011 Oct;4(4):245-53. doi: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2011.06.004.
The U.S. Supreme Court's Olmstead decision affirmed the right of individual with disabilities to live in the community. Centers for independent living (CILs) and other disability advocacy organizations have initiated a wide range of efforts to emancipate (i.e., transition) adults with disabilities from undesired nursing home placements to community living. There is, however, a paucity of published information about the nursing home transition process for adults with disabilities.
OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS: The objectives of this research were to: (1) assess the levels of nursing home emancipation services and barriers to nursing home transitions, including the role of secondary health conditions, and (2) to assess nursing home transition policies and procedures.
We conducted 2 studies. First, we surveyed 165 CILs operating nursing home emancipation programs. Second, we reviewed the written transition policy and procedures documents of 28 CILs from 14 states.
Respondents reported transitioning a total of 2,389 residents from nursing homes back to community living arrangements during the previous year, with only 4% of those returning to a nursing home for any reason. While most of the policies reflected many components of a standard model, several components appeared underrepresented.
Findings suggest the need to expand on established programs to build evidence-based practices.
美国最高法院的 Olmstead 裁决肯定了残疾个人在社区生活的权利。独立生活中心 (CIL) 和其他残疾倡导组织已经发起了广泛的努力，将残疾成年人从他们不希望居住的疗养院中解放出来，让他们能够在社区生活。然而，关于残疾成年人从疗养院过渡到社区生活的过程，发表的信息却很少。
目的/假设：本研究的目的是：(1)评估疗养院解放服务的水平和疗养院过渡的障碍，包括次要健康状况的作用，以及 (2)评估疗养院过渡政策和程序。
我们进行了两项研究。首先，我们调查了 165 家运营疗养院解放项目的独立生活中心。其次，我们审查了来自 14 个州的 28 家 CIL 的书面过渡政策和程序文件。
受访者报告在过去一年中总共将 2389 名居民从疗养院转移到社区生活安排中，只有 4%的人因任何原因返回疗养院。虽然大多数政策反映了标准模式的许多组成部分，但几个组成部分似乎没有得到充分体现。
研究结果表明，有必要在既定的方案基础上进行扩展，以建立循证实践。
