Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, England.
Can J Psychiatry. 2011 Oct;56(10):589-95. doi: 10.1177/070674371105601004.
To review the key nonpharmacological treatment approaches to the cognitive and functional symptoms of Alzheimer disease (AD).
We searched and critically analyzed the most recent relevant literature pertaining to the nonpharmacological treatment of AD.
There is evidence from a modest number of well-conducted randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that various nonpharmacological approaches, including cognitive training, cognitive rehabilitation, and cognitive stimulation therapy (CST), confer modest but significant benefits in the treatment of cognitive symptoms in people with AD, and that there may be additive benefits in combination with cholinesterase inhibitor therapy. Cognitive rehabilitation also appears to result in functional benefits in AD. The modest number of RCTs focusing on cognitive training in AD is consistent with the results of larger cognitive training trials in healthy older people. however, there is no convincing evidence of any benefits associated with brain training games.
An emerging evidence base indicates that different approaches to cognitive training and cognitive stimulation in people with AD confer modest but significant benefits. The best evidence base is for CST, although this approach is labour-intensive, and requires further evaluation of cost-effectiveness. There is currently no evidence that brain training games provide any significant benefit to people with AD.
综述阿尔茨海默病（AD）认知和功能症状的主要非药物治疗方法。
我们搜索并批判性分析了与 AD 的非药物治疗相关的最新相关文献。
有相当数量的精心设计的随机对照试验（RCT）的证据表明，各种非药物方法，包括认知训练、认知康复和认知刺激疗法（CST），在治疗 AD 患者的认知症状方面具有适度但显著的益处，并且与胆碱酯酶抑制剂治疗联合使用可能具有附加益处。认知康复似乎也能为 AD 患者带来功能益处。在 AD 中进行的针对认知训练的少数 RCT 与在健康老年人中进行的更大规模认知训练试验的结果一致。然而，没有令人信服的证据表明任何与大脑训练游戏相关的益处。
不断发展的证据基础表明，AD 患者的不同认知训练和认知刺激方法可带来适度但显著的益处。CST 的证据基础最好，尽管这种方法劳动强度大，需要进一步评估其成本效益。目前没有证据表明大脑训练游戏对 AD 患者有任何显著益处。
