Schröck A, Göke F, Jakob M, Eichhorn K, Huss S, Bootz F, Gerstner A O
Universitätsklinikum Bonn.
Laryngorhinootologie. 2011 Oct;90(10):604-8. doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1283140. Epub 2011 Oct 20.
In Germany tuberculosis has a decreasing incidence. The lung is the most common focus, whereas head and neck manifestation occurs rarely.
Between 1997 and 2010 all patients with initial diagnosis of tuberculosis of the head and neck region were retrospectively reviewed at the University Hospital of Bonn, Germany.
38 patients (24 female, 14 male, median age 43.5±19.7 years) were analysed. More than 60% were of foreign nationality. The majority of patients (87% ) presented with an unspecific cervical lymph node swelling. Extranodular manifestations (maxillary sinus, middle ear, larynx, tonsil) leading to organ specific symptoms rarely occurred. In only 3 cases a mycobacterial infection was suspected before surgery.
Only the knowledge of different manifestation patterns as well as an accurate anamnesis of infectious diseases can lead to the tentative diagnosis of tuberculosis prior to surgery.
在德国，结核病发病率呈下降趋势。肺部是最常见的病灶部位，而头颈部表现则很少见。
回顾性分析了1997年至2010年间在德国波恩大学医院初次诊断为头颈部结核的所有患者。
分析了38例患者（24例女性，14例男性，中位年龄43.5±19.7岁）。超过60%为外国国籍。大多数患者（87%）表现为非特异性颈部淋巴结肿大。导致器官特异性症状的结外表现（上颌窦、中耳、喉、扁桃体）很少发生。术前仅3例怀疑有分枝杆菌感染。
只有了解不同的表现形式以及准确的传染病既往史，才能在手术前初步诊断结核病。
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