Demura Tomohiro, Demura Shin-ich
Graduate School of Natural Science & Technology, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan.
J Mot Behav. 2011;43(6):445-50. doi: 10.1080/00222895.2011.626470. Epub 2011 Oct 21.
Because elderly individuals experience marked declines in various physical functions (e.g., vision, joint function) simultaneously, it is difficult to clarify the individual effects of these functional declines on walking. However, by imposing vision and joint function restrictions on young men, the effects of these functional declines on walking can be clarified. The authors aimed to determine the effect of restricted vision and range of motion (ROM) of the knee joint on gait properties while walking and ascending or descending stairs. Fifteen healthy young adults performed level walking and stair ascent and descent during control, vision restriction, and knee joint ROM restriction conditions. During level walking, walking speed and step width decreased, and double support time increased significantly with vision and knee joint ROM restrictions. Stance time, step width, and walking angle increased only with knee joint ROM restriction. Stance time, swing time, and double support time were significantly longer in level walking, stair descent, and stair ascent, in that order. The effects of vision and knee joint ROM restrictions were significantly larger than the control conditions. In conclusion, vision and knee joint ROM restrictions affect gait during level walking and stair ascent and descent. This effect is marked in stair ascent with knee joint ROM restriction.
由于老年人会同时经历多种身体功能（如视力、关节功能）的显著下降，因此很难阐明这些功能下降对行走的个体影响。然而，通过对年轻男性施加视力和关节功能限制，可以阐明这些功能下降对行走的影响。作者旨在确定行走以及上下楼梯时，视力受限和膝关节活动范围（ROM）受限对步态特征的影响。15名健康的年轻成年人在正常、视力受限和膝关节ROM受限的条件下进行了平地行走以及上下楼梯测试。在平地行走时，随着视力和膝关节ROM受限，行走速度和步幅减小，双支撑时间显著增加。仅膝关节ROM受限时，站立时间、步幅和行走角度增加。站立时间、摆动时间和双支撑时间在平地行走、下楼梯和上楼梯时依次显著延长。视力和膝关节ROM受限的影响明显大于正常条件。总之，视力和膝关节ROM受限会影响平地行走以及上下楼梯时的步态。这种影响在膝关节ROM受限时的上楼梯过程中尤为明显。
