Department for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität, Munich, Germany.
Head Neck. 2012 Sep;34(9):1218-24. doi: 10.1002/hed.21885. Epub 2011 Oct 22.
A posterolateral calf free flap is anatomically assessed and its usefulness for intraoral reconstruction is described.
Records of 42 cadaver dissections including anatomic parameters of the superficial lateral sural artery serving as pedicle were analyzed. Data of 20 patients with primary oral cancer who underwent reconstructions with posterolateral calf free flaps are presented.
The superficial lateral sural artery was present in 36 of 42 of all cadavers (85.8%). In all, 25 specimens of 36 were suitable as flaps (69.4%). It originated from the lateral sural and the popliteal artery (31% vs 69%). It was accompanied by 1 vein (40.5%) or 2 veins (59.5%). The artery pierced the crural fascia on average 3 cm lateral to the midline and 0 to 12 cm below the fibular head. Eight patients had inadequate superficial lateral sural vessels and were reconstructed by peroneal perforator flaps. One flap was lost.
Cutaneous flaps from the posterolateral calf can be a useful alternative for reconstruction of moderate sized defects with minimal donor site morbidity.
对小腿后外侧皮瓣进行解剖评估，并描述其用于口腔内重建的实用性。
分析了 42 具尸体解剖记录，包括作为蒂的浅表外侧腓肠动脉的解剖学参数。介绍了 20 例原发性口腔癌患者，他们接受了小腿后外侧游离皮瓣重建。
在所有 42 具尸体中，36 具（85.8%）均存在浅表外侧腓肠动脉。在所有 36 个标本中，25 个标本适合作为皮瓣（69.4%）。它起源于外侧腓肠动脉和膕动脉（31%对 69%）。它伴随着 1 条静脉（40.5%）或 2 条静脉（59.5%）。动脉平均在中线外侧 3 厘米和腓骨头下方 0 至 12 厘米处穿过小腿筋膜。8 例患者浅表外侧腓肠血管不足，采用腓肠肌穿支皮瓣重建。1 个皮瓣丢失。
小腿后外侧的皮瓣可以作为一种有用的选择，用于重建中等大小的缺损，且供区并发症最小。
