Bolekova Adriana, Kluchova Darina, Spakovska Tatiana, Dorko Frantisek, Lovasova Kvetuse
Medical faculty, University of P.J. Safarik, Kosice.
Arch Ital Biol. 2011 Sep;149(3):293-302. doi: 10.4449/aib.v149i3.1219.
Nitric oxide (NO) is known to be a freely diffusible gaseous neurotransmitter that is not requiring synaptic connection to exert its effects. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS), the enzyme responsible for NO synthesis can be visualised by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH-d) histochemistry. Other neurotransmitter is a classical neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh), regulated by enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) that hydrolyses the acetylcholine after its releasing. This work is presenting results of histochemical study of the NADPH-d and AChE expression (nitrergic and cholinergic neurons) in the spinal cord (SC) during various periods in its development. Specimens from Wistar rat pups in the age ranging from 1st to 21st postnatal days (P1-P21) have been compared with those of adult rats (P90). Transverse sections of the SC were evaluated by light microscope. In adults, the NADPH-d positivity was detectable in the neurons of superficial and deep layers of the dorsal horn, pericentral area and in the area of preganglionic autonomic nuclei. AChE positive structures were seen in the same locations as previous ones with the exception of two locations: in superficial layers of the dorsal horn AChE staining was absent, while in the ventral horn the groups of AChE positive motoneurons were found. At the perinatal period both NADPH-d and AChE positive neurons were stained from slight to moderate intensity only. During later developmental periods the staining gradually increased and achieved adult level of intensity on the day P21. Our results confirmed the presence of nitrergic and cholinergic neurons in investigated areas of the SC and indicated their fully functioning of NADPH-d and AChE positive structures in SC from the third postnatal week.
一氧化氮（NO）是一种可自由扩散的气态神经递质，其发挥作用无需突触连接。负责合成NO的酶——一氧化氮合酶（NOS），可通过烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸黄递酶（NADPH-d）组织化学法进行可视化观察。另一种神经递质是经典神经递质乙酰胆碱（ACh），它受乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）调节，AChE在乙酰胆碱释放后将其水解。本文呈现了脊髓（SC）在不同发育阶段NADPH-d和AChE表达（氮能和胆碱能神经元）的组织化学研究结果。将出生后第1天至第21天（P1-P21）的Wistar大鼠幼崽的样本与成年大鼠（P90）的样本进行了比较。通过光学显微镜对脊髓横切片进行评估。在成年大鼠中，在背角浅层和深层的神经元、中央周围区域以及节前自主神经核区域可检测到NADPH-d阳性。AChE阳性结构出现在与上述相同的位置，但有两个位置除外：背角浅层没有AChE染色，而在腹角发现了AChE阳性运动神经元群。在围产期，NADPH-d和AChE阳性神经元仅被轻度至中度染色。在随后的发育阶段，染色逐渐增加，并在出生后第21天达到成年强度水平。我们的结果证实了在脊髓研究区域中存在氮能和胆碱能神经元，并表明从出生后第三周起，脊髓中NADPH-d和AChE阳性结构已完全发挥功能。
