Yadav S K, Pandey P, Kumar B, Suresh B G
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sam Higginbottomrn Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad-211007 (U.P.), India.
Pak J Biol Sci. 2011 May 1;14(9):540-5. doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2011.540.545.
This study has been conducted to determine the extent of genetic association between yield of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) and its components. The present experiment was carried out with 40 Rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes which were evaluated in a randomized block design with 3 replications during wet season of 2007 and 2008. Results showed that sufficient amount of variability was found in the entire gene pool for all traits studied. Higher magnitude of genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation was recorded for seed yield, harvest index, biological yield, number of spikelets per panicle, flag leaf length, plant height and number of tillers indicates that these characters are least influence by environment. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean was registered for seed yield, harvest index, number of spikelets per panicle, biological yield and flag leaf length, suggesting preponderance of additive gene action in the expression of these characters. Grain yield was significantly and positively associated with harvest index, number of tillers per hill, number of panicle per plant, panicle length, number of spikelet's per panicle and test weight at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. Path coefficient analysis revealed that harvest index, biological yield, number of tillers per hill, panicle length, number of spikelets per panicle, plant height and test weight had direct positive effect on seed yield, indicating these are the main contributors to yield. From this study it may be concluded that harvest index, number of tillers per hill, panicle length and number of spikelet per panicle and test weight are the most important characters that contributed directly to yield. Thus, these characters may serve selection criteria for improving genetic potential of rice.
本研究旨在确定水稻（Oryza sativa L.）产量与其构成因素之间的遗传关联程度。本试验选用了40个水稻（Oryza sativa L.）基因型，于2007年和2008年雨季采用随机区组设计，重复3次进行评估。结果表明，在所研究的所有性状的整个基因库中发现了足够的变异性。种子产量、收获指数、生物产量、每穗小穗数、剑叶长度、株高和分蘖数的基因型和表型变异系数较高，表明这些性状受环境影响最小。种子产量、收获指数、每穗小穗数、生物产量和剑叶长度的遗传力较高，且遗传进展占均值的百分比也较高，表明这些性状在表达中主要由加性基因作用主导。在基因型和表型水平上，籽粒产量与收获指数、每穴分蘖数、每株穗数、穗长、每穗小穗数和容重均呈显著正相关。通径系数分析表明，收获指数、生物产量、每穴分蘖数、穗长、每穗小穗数、株高和容重对种子产量有直接的正向影响，表明这些是产量的主要贡献因素。从本研究可以得出结论，收获指数、每穴分蘖数、穗长、每穗小穗数和容重是直接影响产量的最重要性状。因此，这些性状可作为提高水稻遗传潜力的选择标准。
