Stony Brook University.
Behav Ther. 2011 Dec;42(4):751-62. doi: 10.1016/j.beth.2011.04.005. Epub 2011 Jun 12.
Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) has become a significant public health problem. Although numerous studies have examined cross-sectional psychological correlates of NSSI, there has been little research examining predictors of NSSI over time. The present study examined cross-sectional and longitudinal correlates of NSSI in 81 young adult self-injurers (M age=19, 74.1% female, 51.9% Caucasian), 51 of whom were followed up 1 year later. At baseline, participants completed self-report measures of NSSI, Axis-I disorders, borderline personality disorder (BPD), and impulsivity, as well as an implicit measure of NSSI attitudes and identity. One year later, participants completed a Timeline Followback Method whereby they indicated their engagement in NSSI over the previous 12 months. Analyses replicated many known cross-sectional correlates of NSSI, including symptoms of several Axis-I disorders and BPD. However, many of these same variables failed to predict the course of NSSI over the 1-year follow-up. The only variables to prospectively predict NSSI were past NSSI (i.e., frequency, methods, and recency of NSSI), participants' behavioral forecast of their engagement in future NSSI, and BPD features. Findings suggest that many cross-sectional correlates of NSSI may not be useful for predicting subsequent NSSI. Instead, NSSI severity and BPD features appear to best predict continued engagement in NSSI.
非自杀性自伤（NSSI）已成为一个重大的公共卫生问题。尽管有许多研究检查了 NSSI 的横断面心理相关性，但很少有研究检查 NSSI 的预测因素随时间的变化。本研究在 81 名年轻的自伤者（M 年龄=19，74.1%为女性，51.9%为白种人）中检查了 NSSI 的横断面和纵向相关性，其中 51 人在 1 年后进行了随访。在基线时，参与者完成了 NSSI、轴 I 障碍、边缘型人格障碍（BPD）和冲动性的自我报告测量，以及 NSSI 态度和身份的内隐测量。一年后，参与者完成了时间线回溯法，他们在过去 12 个月中记录了自己的 NSSI 行为。分析复制了许多已知的 NSSI 的横断面相关性，包括几种轴 I 障碍和 BPD 的症状。然而，许多相同的变量未能预测 NSSI 在 1 年随访期间的进程。唯一能前瞻性预测 NSSI 的变量是过去的 NSSI（即 NSSI 的频率、方法和最近一次发生 NSSI 的时间）、参与者对未来 NSSI 的行为预测以及 BPD 特征。研究结果表明，NSSI 的许多横断面相关性可能对预测随后的 NSSI 没有用处。相反，NSSI 的严重程度和 BPD 特征似乎最能预测持续参与 NSSI。
