Asvat Riaze
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Arcadia, South Africa.
J Forensic Sci. 2012 Jan;57(1):176-81. doi: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2011.01942.x. Epub 2011 Oct 31.
The present study investigates the frequency of bifidity/nonbifidity in the black and white South African populations. Four-hundred skeletons of known race, sex, and tribal group were examined. Spinous processes were classified as bifid (bifurcate and cleft subtypes) and nonbifid (obtuse, pediculate, acinate, and clavate subtypes). Statistical analysis using the chi-squared probability test (p < 0.05) was carried out. Bifid spinous processes were present significantly more frequently in the white sample (58.9%) than in the black (31.6%). A bifid spinous process occurred most commonly in C2 (89%) followed by C5 (83%), C4 (79%), C3 (59.4%), and C6 (41.7%) in the white sample. A similar order of decrease in bifidity occurred in the black sample. C2 most commonly displayed the bifurcate subtype of spinous process, while the clavate subtype of nonbifid spinous process was the most common in both populations. The significantly higher frequency of bifidity in the white South African sample when compared to the black sample may suggest a population difference.
本研究调查了南非黑人和白人种群中棘突双叉/非双叉的出现频率。对400具已知种族、性别和部落群体的骨骼进行了检查。棘突被分为双叉型（分叉和裂开亚型）和非双叉型（钝型、有蒂型、针状型和棒状型亚型）。使用卡方概率检验（p < 0.05）进行了统计分析。双叉棘突在白人样本中的出现频率（58.9%）显著高于黑人样本（31.6%）。在白人样本中，双叉棘突最常见于C2（89%），其次是C5（83%）、C4（79%）、C3（59.4%）和C6（41.7%）。黑人样本中双叉出现频率的下降顺序与之相似。C2最常表现为分叉型棘突亚型，而棒状型非双叉棘突亚型在两个种群中都是最常见的。与黑人样本相比，南非白人样本中双叉出现频率显著更高，这可能表明存在种群差异。
