Department of Integrated Systems Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States.
Environ Sci Technol. 2011 Dec 15;45(24):10728-35. doi: 10.1021/es2007353. Epub 2011 Nov 15.
This study examines the emissions impacts of adding wind and energy storage to a market-based electric power system. Using Texas as a case study, we demonstrate that market power can greatly effect the emissions benefits of wind, due to most of the coal-fired generation being owned by the two dominant firms. Wind tends to have less emissions benefits when generators exercise market power, since coal-fired generation is withheld from the market and wind displaces natural gas-fired generators. We also show that storage can have greater negative emissions impacts in the presence of wind than if only storage is added to the system. This is due to wind increasing on- and off-peak electricity price differences, which increases the amount that storage and coal-fired generation are used. We demonstrate that this effect is exacerbated by market power.
本研究考察了在基于市场的电力系统中增加风能和储能对排放的影响。以德克萨斯州为例，我们表明，由于大部分燃煤电厂归两大巨头所有，市场力量会极大地影响风能的减排效益。当发电商行使市场力量时，风能的减排效益往往会降低，因为燃煤电厂被排除在市场之外，而风能则取代了天然气电厂。我们还表明，在存在风能的情况下，与仅向系统中添加储能相比，储能会产生更大的负排放影响。这是因为风能增加了峰谷电价差，从而增加了储能和燃煤电厂的使用量。我们证明，市场力量加剧了这种影响。
