School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
Trends Plant Sci. 2012 Jan;17(1):39-46. doi: 10.1016/j.tplants.2011.10.002. Epub 2011 Nov 1.
Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) proteins, also known as SHAGGY-like kinases, have many important cell signalling roles in animals, fungi and amoebae. In particular, GSK3s participate in key developmental signalling pathways and also regulate the cytoskeleton. GSK3-encoding genes are also present in all land plants and in algae and protists, raising questions about possible ancestral functions in eukaryotes. Recent studies have revealed that plant GSK3 proteins are actively implicated in hormonal signalling networks during development as well as in biotic and abiotic stress responses. In this review, we outline the mechanisms of Arabidopsis GSK3 action, summarize GSK3 functions in dicot and monocot flowering plants, and speculate on the possible functions of GSK3s in the earliest-evolving land plants.
糖原合酶激酶 3（GSK3）蛋白，也被称为沙圭样激酶，在动物、真菌和变形虫中具有许多重要的细胞信号作用。特别是，GSK3s 参与关键的发育信号通路，并调节细胞骨架。GSK3 编码基因也存在于所有陆地植物、藻类和原生生物中，这引发了关于真核生物中可能的祖先功能的问题。最近的研究表明，植物 GSK3 蛋白在发育过程中的激素信号网络以及生物和非生物胁迫反应中都被积极涉及。在这篇综述中，我们概述了拟南芥 GSK3 作用的机制，总结了 GSK3 在双子叶植物和单子叶开花植物中的功能，并推测了 GSK3 在最早进化的陆地植物中的可能功能。
