Sanz Ortega J, Martorell Aragonés A, Alvarez Angel V, Bermúdez Edo J D, Saiz Rodríguez R, Fuertes Fortea A, Torro Doménech I, Colomer Sala J, Díaz Martínez A, Mora Navarro O
Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital General de Valencia.
An Esp Pediatr. 1990 May;32(5):389-98.
A total of 1,566 children the area of Valencia (Spain), of both sexes and aged 7 to 14 received an epidemiological questionnaire recommended by the American Thoracic Society. Antecedents of asthma were recorded in 79 cases (5%), with a predominance among males; 73.3% of these children presented their first crisis before age three. Eighty-seven children were habitual smokers (5.6%), again with a predominance among males-most of these children being between 13 and 14 years old. A family history of smoking was observed in 82.8% of the children who were habitual smokers. A greater predominance of smoking mothers was observed at higher socio-economical levels--with no significant differences between parents. The incidence of respiratory pathology (cough and antecedents of bronchitis) was higher among children whose mothers (or both parents) were smokers. On comparing the two areas of the city with the greatest difference in air pollution level, no significant differences were observed in respiratory morbidity among the child population.
在西班牙巴伦西亚地区，共有1566名7至14岁的儿童接受了美国胸科学会推荐的流行病学问卷调查。79例（5%）记录有哮喘病史，男性居多；其中73.3%的儿童首次发病在3岁之前。87名儿童为习惯性吸烟者（5.6%），同样以男性居多——这些儿童大多在13至14岁之间。在习惯性吸烟的儿童中，82.8%有吸烟家族史。在社会经济水平较高的人群中，吸烟母亲的比例更高——父母之间无显著差异。母亲（或父母双方）吸烟的儿童呼吸道疾病（咳嗽和支气管炎病史）的发病率更高。比较城市中空气污染水平差异最大的两个区域，儿童人群的呼吸道发病率无显著差异。
