Computational Neuroscience, ISRC, University of Ulster (Magee), Northland Road, Londonderry BT48 7JL, Northern Ireland, UK.
Behav Brain Res. 2012 Feb 1;227(1):91-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2011.10.034. Epub 2011 Oct 28.
Schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BP) are associated with neuropathological brain changes, which are believed to disrupt connectivity between brain processes and may have common properties. Patients at first psychotic episode are unique, as one can assess brain alterations at illness inception, when many confounders are reduced or absent. SCZ (N=25) and BP (N=24) patients were recruited in a regional first episode psychosis MRI study. VBM methods were used to study gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) differences between patient groups and case by case matched controls. For both groups, deficits identified are more discrete than those typically reported in later stages of illness. SCZ patients showed some evidence of GM loss in cortical areas but most notable were in limbic structures such as hippocampus, thalamus and striatum and cerebellum. Consistent with disturbed neural connectivity WM alterations were also observed in limbic structures, the corpus callosum and many subgyral and sublobar regions in the parietal, temporal and frontal lobes. BP patients displayed less evidence of volume changes overall, compared to normal healthy participants, but those changes observed were primarily in WM areas which overlapped with regions identified in SCZ, including thalamus and cerebellum and subgyral and sublobar sites. At first episode of psychosis there is evidence of a neuroanatomical overlap between SCZ and BP with respect to brain structural changes, consistent with disturbed neural connectivity. There are also important differences however in that SCZ displays more extensive structural alteration.
精神分裂症 (SCZ) 和双相情感障碍 (BP) 与神经病理学的大脑变化有关，这些变化被认为会破坏大脑过程之间的连通性，并且可能具有共同的特性。首次出现精神病症状的患者是独特的，因为可以在疾病开始时评估大脑的改变，此时许多混杂因素减少或不存在。在区域性首发精神病 MRI 研究中招募了 25 名 SCZ 患者和 24 名 BP 患者。使用 VBM 方法研究了患者组和逐个匹配的对照组之间的灰质 (GM) 和白质 (WM) 差异。对于这两个组，确定的缺陷比在疾病后期通常报告的缺陷更为离散。SCZ 患者在皮质区域显示出一些 GM 损失的证据，但最明显的是在边缘结构中，如海马体、丘脑和纹状体以及小脑。与神经连通障碍一致，在边缘结构、胼胝体以及顶叶、颞叶和额叶的许多脑回和小叶区域也观察到 WM 改变。与正常健康参与者相比，BP 患者的总体体积变化证据较少，但观察到的变化主要发生在 WM 区域，与 SCZ 中确定的区域重叠，包括丘脑和小脑以及脑回和小叶区域。在精神病首次发作时，SCZ 和 BP 之间存在与大脑结构变化有关的神经解剖重叠的证据，这与神经连通障碍一致。然而，也存在重要的差异，即 SCZ 显示出更广泛的结构改变。
