CSIRO, Ecosystem Sciences, Private Bag PO Aitkenvale, Townsville, QLD, 4814, Australia.
Environ Manage. 2012 Feb;49(2):285-94. doi: 10.1007/s00267-011-9781-6. Epub 2011 Nov 5.
Introduced plants that have both production values and negative impacts can be contentious. Generally they are either treated as weeds and their use prohibited; or unfettered exploitation is permitted and land managers must individually contend with any negative effects. Buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris) is contentious in Australia and there has been no attempt to broadly and systematically address the issues surrounding it. However, recent research indicates that there is some mutual acceptance by proponents and opponents of each others' perspectives and we contend that this provides the basis for a national approach. It would require thorough and on-going consultation with stakeholders and development of realistic goals that are applicable across a range of scales and responsive to regional differences in costs, benefits and socio-economic and biophysical circumstances. It would be necessary to clearly allocate responsibilities and ascertain the most appropriate balance between legislative and non-legislative mechanisms. A national approach could involve avoiding the introduction of additional genetic material, countering proliferation in regions where the species is sparse, preventing incursion into conservation reserves where it is absent, containing strategically located populations and managing communities to prevent or reduce dominance by buffel grass. This approach could be applied to other contentious plant species.
引入兼具生产价值和负面影响的植物可能会引起争议。通常，这些植物要么被视为杂草而被禁止使用；要么被放任自由地开发利用，而土地管理者必须单独应对任何负面影响。在澳大利亚，水牛草（Cenchrus ciliaris）就是一个有争议的物种，人们并没有试图广泛而系统地解决与之相关的问题。然而，最近的研究表明，支持者和反对者对彼此观点存在一定程度的相互接受，我们认为这为制定国家层面的解决方案提供了基础。这需要与利益相关者进行彻底和持续的协商，并制定切实可行的目标，这些目标适用于各种规模，并能应对成本、效益以及社会经济和生物物理环境方面的区域差异。需要明确分配责任，并确定立法和非立法机制之间最合适的平衡。国家层面的解决方案可能包括避免引入额外的遗传物质，遏制在物种稀疏地区的扩散，防止入侵到没有该物种的自然保护区，战略性地控制种群，并管理社区以防止或减少水牛草的优势地位。这种方法可以应用于其他有争议的植物物种。
