Qamruddin Salima, Naqvi Tasneem Z
Echocardiographic Laboratories and Cardiovascular and Thoracic Institute, Division of Cardiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2011 Nov;9(11):1431-43. doi: 10.1586/erc.11.137.
The advent of real-time (RT) 3D transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in 2007 has enhanced our understanding of the location and extent of the pathology of the native, as well as prosthetic, mitral valve (MV), particularly for MV prolapse and the anatomy of perivalvular dehiscence with prosthetic MV. MV quantification programs provide precise assessment of many quantitative MV parameters allowing 3D echocardiography to determine and quantify the geometry of mitral apparatus, including mitral annulus and periannular region, leaflet volume and anatomy, tethering distances, and tenting volumes. The detailed, accurate and optimal RT spatial visualization of the MV with 3D TEE gives greater confidence to the echocardiographer, interventionalist and the surgeon alike, facilitating medical and surgical treatment decisions. This article highlights recent advances in RT 3D TEE and transthoracic echocardiography echocardiographic imaging of the MV.
2007年实时（RT）三维经食管超声心动图（TEE）的出现，加深了我们对天然以及人工二尖瓣（MV）病变的位置和范围的理解，特别是对于MV脱垂以及人工MV瓣周裂开的解剖结构。MV定量程序可对许多MV定量参数进行精确评估，使三维超声心动图能够确定并量化二尖瓣装置的几何结构，包括二尖瓣环和瓣环周围区域、瓣叶体积和解剖结构、腱索距离以及帐篷样体积。通过三维TEE对MV进行详细、准确且最佳的实时空间可视化，让超声心动图医生、介入医生和外科医生都更有信心，有助于做出药物和手术治疗决策。本文重点介绍了实时三维TEE以及经胸超声心动图对MV成像的最新进展。
