Institut fur Psychologie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2012 Feb;38(1):222-50. doi: 10.1037/a0026003. Epub 2011 Nov 7.
In four experiments, task-switching processes were investigated with variants of the alternating runs paradigm and the explicit cueing paradigm. The classical diffusion model for binary decisions (Ratcliff, 1978) was used to dissociate different components of task-switching costs. Findings can be reconciled with the view that task-switching processes take place in successive phases as postulated by multiple-components models of task switching (e.g., Mayr & Kliegl, 2003; Ruthruff, Remington, & Johnston, 2001). At an earlier phase, task-set reconfiguration (Rogers & Monsell, 1995) or cue-encoding (Schneider & Logan, 2005) takes place, at a later phase, the response is selected in accord with constraints set in the first phase. Inertia effects (Allport, Styles, & Hsieh, 1994; Allport & Wylie, 2000) were shown to affect this later stage. Additionally, findings support the notion that response caution contributes to both global as well as to local switching costs when task switches are predictable.
在四个实验中，通过交替运行范式和显式提示范式的变体研究了任务转换过程。使用用于二项决策的经典扩散模型（Ratcliff，1978）来区分任务转换成本的不同组成部分。研究结果可以与多成分任务转换模型（例如，Mayr 和 Kliegl，2003；Ruthruff，Remington 和 Johnston，2001）所假设的任务转换过程分阶段进行的观点相协调。在较早的阶段，会发生任务集重新配置（Rogers 和 Monsell，1995）或提示编码（Schneider 和 Logan，2005），在较晚的阶段，根据第一阶段设置的约束选择响应。惯性效应（Allport、Styles 和 Hsieh，1994；Allport 和 Wylie，2000）被证明会影响这一后期阶段。此外，研究结果支持这样的观点，即当任务转换可预测时，响应谨慎会导致全局和局部转换成本增加。
