SUNY Fredonia.
Int Migr Rev. 2011;45(2):215-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1747-7379.2011.00846.x.
This article provides a summary of the author’s research on human smuggling in Austria comparing migrants from Former Yugoslavia and the Russian Federation. The project’s primary intent was to collect more detailed information on migrants seeking asylum in Austria and their use of smuggling services to leave their home countries, including detailed information on demographics, force or threat of force by smugglers, routes and methods of transportation, costs of smuggling, payment methods, and deeper perceptual questions regarding the flight. Another central premise of the article discusses how current distinctions between human smuggling and human trafficking are arbitrary in many regards.
本文概述了作者对奥地利人口走私问题的研究,比较了前南斯拉夫和俄罗斯联邦移民的情况。该项目的主要目的是收集更多关于在奥地利寻求庇护的移民及其使用走私服务离开原籍国的详细信息,包括有关人口统计、走私者使用武力或威胁使用武力、路线和运输方式、走私费用、支付方式的详细信息,以及对飞行的更深入的感知问题。文章的另一个核心前提是,目前在许多方面,人口走私和人口贩卖之间的区别是任意的。