Dragović Snežana, Gajić Boško, Dragović Ranko, Janković-Mandić Ljiljana, Slavković-Beškoski Latinka, Mihailović Nevena, Momčilović Milan, Ćujić Mirjana
University of Belgrade, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, Banatska 31b, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia.
J Environ Monit. 2012 Jan;14(1):127-37. doi: 10.1039/c1em10457h. Epub 2011 Nov 10.
The specific activities of natural radionuclides ((40)K, (226)Ra and (232)Th) and Chernobyl-derived (137)Cs were measured in soil profiles representing typical soil types of Belgrade (Serbia): chernozems, fluvisols, humic gleysols, eutric cambisols, vertisols and gleyic fluvisols. The influence of soil properties and content of stable elements on radionuclide distribution down the soil profiles (at 5 cm intervals up to 50 cm depth) was analysed. Correlation analysis identified associations of (40)K, (226)Ra and (137)Cs with fine-grained soil fractions. Significant positive correlations were found between (137)Cs specific activity and both organic matter content and cation exchange capacity. Saturated hydraulic conductivity and specific electrical conductivity were also positively correlated with the specific activity of (137)Cs. The strong positive correlations between (226)Ra and (232)Th specific activities and Fe and Mn indicate an association with oxides of these elements in soil. The correlations observed between (40)K and Cr, Ni, Pb and Zn and also between (137)Cs and Cd, Cr, Pb and Zn could be attributed to their common affinity for clay minerals. These results provide insight into the main factors that affect radionuclide migration in the soil, which contributes to knowledge about radionuclide behaviour in the environment and factors governing their mobility within terrestrial ecosystems.
在代表塞尔维亚贝尔格莱德典型土壤类型的土壤剖面中，测量了天然放射性核素（⁴⁰K、²²⁶Ra和²³²Th）以及源自切尔诺贝利的¹³⁷Cs的比活度。这些土壤剖面包括黑钙土、冲积土、腐殖质潜育土、普通始成土、变性土和潜育冲积土。分析了土壤性质和稳定元素含量对土壤剖面中放射性核素分布（深度达50厘米，间隔5厘米）的影响。相关分析确定了⁴⁰K、²²⁶Ra和¹³⁷Cs与细粒土壤组分之间的关联。发现¹³⁷Cs比活度与有机质含量和阳离子交换容量均呈显著正相关。饱和导水率和比电导率也与¹³⁷Cs比活度呈正相关。²²⁶Ra和²³²Th比活度与铁和锰之间的强正相关表明它们与土壤中这些元素的氧化物有关联。⁴⁰K与铬、镍、铅和锌之间以及¹³⁷Cs与镉、铬、铅和锌之间观察到的相关性可能归因于它们对粘土矿物的共同亲和力。这些结果深入了解了影响放射性核素在土壤中迁移的主要因素，有助于增进对放射性核素在环境中的行为以及控制其在陆地生态系统中迁移的因素的认识。
