Luthy Karlen E, Beckstrand Renea L, Callister Lynn C, Cahoon Spencer
College of Nursing, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.
J Sch Nurs. 2012 Apr;28(2):153-60. doi: 10.1177/1059840511426578. Epub 2011 Nov 10.
School nurses are on the front lines of educational efforts to promote childhood vaccinations. However, some parents still choose to exempt their children from receiving vaccinations for personal reasons. Studying the beliefs of parents who exempt vaccinations allows health care workers, including school nurses, to better understand parental concerns which may, in turn, help prepare school nurses for effective communication with these parents. The objective of the study was to explore personal beliefs of parents living in Utah, who exempted their children from receiving vaccinations. A cross-sectional, descriptive design was implemented. Data were collected from a convenience sample of 287 parents responding to an open-ended question about why they exempted their children from receiving at least one vaccination. The qualitative data included parental comments, concerns, or suggestions regarding childhood vaccinations. Five categories were identified regarding reasons for personal exemptions: parental perceptions, health care systems issues, chronic disease concerns, immune system concerns, adverse reaction concerns and other reasons not classified. The number of parents refusing childhood vaccinations remains relatively low; however, despite public health efforts, the percentage increases each year.
学校护士处于促进儿童接种疫苗教育工作的第一线。然而，一些家长仍因个人原因选择不让孩子接种疫苗。研究那些不让孩子接种疫苗的家长的信念，能让包括学校护士在内的医护人员更好地理解家长的担忧，这反过来可能有助于让学校护士做好准备，与这些家长进行有效的沟通。该研究的目的是探究居住在犹他州、不让孩子接种疫苗的家长的个人信念。采用了横断面描述性设计。数据收集自287名家长的便利样本，他们回答了一个关于为何不让孩子接种至少一种疫苗的开放式问题。定性数据包括家长关于儿童疫苗接种的评论、担忧或建议。关于个人豁免的原因确定了五类：家长认知、医疗保健系统问题、慢性病担忧、免疫系统担忧、不良反应担忧以及未分类的其他原因。拒绝让孩子接种疫苗的家长数量仍然相对较少；然而，尽管有公共卫生方面的努力，这一比例仍逐年上升。
