Department of Psychiatry, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany.
Psychiatr Danub. 2011 Dec;23(4):334-9.
Numerous clinical cases have been reported showing the clinical picture of dementia but not meeting the neuropathological criteria for Alzheimer's dementia (AD). Different methods used to stain senile plaques (SPs) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) might account for this discrepancy.
Here, brains of 11 patients with dementia were examined. Cryosections and paraffin sections from 6 different brain regions (frontal medial, temporal medial and occipital gyrus, hippocampus, superior parietal lobe and cerebellum) of all cases were stained with Bielschowsky, Campbell, Gallyas and Congo red stains each.
The study shows that the Bielschowsky silver stain is insufficient for detecting SPs and NFTs, whereas two other methods proved to be more accurate. SPs were found in similar frequency in all brain regions examined (exception: cerebellum). The highest amount was shown with Campbell silver stain in paraffin sections. In Congo red only 25 percent of these SPs were stained, which is probably due to a great number of them not containing any amyloid. NFTs were found almost exclusively in the hippocampus. The highest number was detected with Gallyas silver stain in cryosections.
These results may suggest that Campbell stain for SPs and Gallyas stain for NFTs should be the methods routinely used.
有许多临床病例报告显示出痴呆的临床特征，但不符合阿尔茨海默病（AD）的神经病理学标准。用于染色老年斑（SPs）和神经原纤维缠结（NFTs）的不同方法可能是造成这种差异的原因。
在这里，对 11 例痴呆患者的大脑进行了检查。对所有病例的 6 个不同脑区（额内侧、颞内侧和枕叶回、海马体、顶叶上回和小脑）的冷冻切片和石蜡切片分别用 Bielschowsky、Campbell、Gallyas 和刚果红染色法进行染色。
研究表明，Bielschowsky 银染法不足以检测 SPs 和 NFTs，而另外两种方法则更为准确。在所有检查的脑区（小脑除外）中，SPs 的出现频率相似。在石蜡切片中，Campbell 银染法显示出的 SPs 数量最多。在刚果红中，只有 25%的 SPs 被染色，这可能是因为其中许多 SPs 不含有任何淀粉样蛋白。NFTs 几乎只在海马体中发现。在冷冻切片中，Gallyas 银染法检测到的 NFTs 数量最多。
这些结果可能表明，Campbell 法用于检测 SPs，Gallyas 法用于检测 NFTs，应该成为常规使用的方法。
