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高尔基驻留 SPCA Ca²⁺/Mn²⁺泵在离子稳态和神经功能中的作用。

The role of the Golgi-resident SPCA Ca²⁺/Mn²⁺ pump in ionic homeostasis and neural function.

机构信息

Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Number 139, Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China.

出版信息

Neurochem Res. 2012 Mar;37(3):455-68. doi: 10.1007/s11064-011-0644-6. Epub 2011 Nov 15.

Abstract

Recent evidence highlights the functional importance of the Golgi apparatus (GA) in neurological diseases. The functions of the mammalian GA, in addition to the processing and transport of cargo, also include ionic homeostasis. Besides Ca²⁺-release channels which serves GA as an agonist-sensitive intracellular Ca²⁺ store, and Ca²⁺-binding proteins, the GA contains Ca²⁺-uptake mechanisms consisting of the well-known sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺-transport ATPases and the much less characterized secretory-pathway Ca²⁺-transport ATPases (SPCA). SPCA can transport both Ca²⁺ and Mn²⁺ into the Golgi lumen and therefore is involved in the cytosolic and intra-Golgi Ca²⁺ and Mn²⁺ homeostasis. It has shown that both of the mRNA and protein of SPCAs are highly expressed in brain. In addition, brain is the region with the highest activity of SPCA isoforms, which may be related to the involvement of Ca²⁺ and Mn²⁺ homeostasis in neural functions. In this review, we compile some recent findings showing that the SPCA isoform plays a much more important role in intracellular ionic homeostasis than previously anticipated and illustrating the involvement of SPCA isoforms in certain neurophysiological or neuropathological process. We are interested in gaining insight into the intricate role of the SPCA pumps to explain the GA-specific functions in neurological disorders.

摘要

最近的证据强调了高尔基体(GA)在神经疾病中的功能重要性。哺乳动物 GA 的功能除了货物的加工和运输外,还包括离子动态平衡。除了作为 GA 作为激动剂敏感的细胞内 Ca²⁺储存库的 Ca²⁺释放通道和 Ca²⁺结合蛋白外,GA 还包含 Ca²⁺摄取机制,包括众所周知的肌浆内质网 Ca²⁺转运 ATP 酶和特征不太明显的分泌途径 Ca²⁺转运 ATP 酶(SPCA)。SPCA 可以将 Ca²⁺和 Mn²⁺同时转运到高尔基体腔中,因此参与细胞内和高尔基体腔内的 Ca²⁺和 Mn²⁺动态平衡。已经表明 SPCAs 的 mRNA 和蛋白质在大脑中均高度表达。此外,大脑是 SPCA 同工酶活性最高的区域,这可能与 Ca²⁺和 Mn²⁺在神经功能中的动态平衡有关。在这篇综述中,我们汇集了一些最近的发现,表明 SPCA 同工酶在细胞内离子动态平衡中的作用比以前预期的更为重要,并说明了 SPCA 同工酶在某些神经生理或神经病理过程中的参与。我们有兴趣深入了解 SPCA 泵的复杂作用,以解释 GA 在神经疾病中的特定功能。

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