Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
Br J Nutr. 2012 Aug;108(4):588-602. doi: 10.1017/S0007114511005873. Epub 2011 Nov 16.
The aim of our present study was to examine the regulation of xenobiotic- and antioxidant enzymes by phytogenic feed additives in the intestine and the liver of broilers. A total of 240 male Ross-308 broiler chickens (1 d old) were fed a commercial starter diet for 2 weeks. On day 15, the birds were assigned to six treatment groups of forty birds each. The control (Con) group was fed a diet without any additive for 3 weeks. The diet of group sulforaphane (SFN) contained broccoli extract providing 0.075 g/kg SFN, whereas the diets of the other four groups contained 0.15 g/kg essential oils from turmeric (Cuo), oregano (Oo), thyme and rosemary (Ro). Weight gain and feed conversion were slightly impaired by Cuo and Oo. In the jejunum SFN, Cuo and Ro increased the expression of xenobiotic enzymes (epoxide hydrolases 1 and 2 and aflatoxin B1 aldehyde reductase) and of the antioxidant enzyme haeme oxygenase regulated by an 'antioxidant response element' (ARE) compared to group Con. In contrast to our expectations in the liver, the expression of these enzymes was decreased by all the additives. Nevertheless, all the additives increased the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity of the jejunum and the liver and reduced Fe-induced lipid peroxidation in the liver. We conclude that the up-regulation of ARE genes in the small intestine reduces oxidative stress in the organism and represents a novel mechanism by which phytogenic feed additives improve the health of farm animals.
本研究旨在探讨植物源饲料添加剂对肉鸡肠道和肝脏中外源物和抗氧化酶的调节作用。将 240 只雄性 Ross-308 肉鸡（1 日龄）用商业起始饲料喂养 2 周。第 15 天，将这些鸡分为 6 个处理组，每组 40 只。对照组（Con）连续 3 周不添加任何添加剂喂养。含萝卜硫素（SFN）的饲料中添加了提供 0.075 g/kg SFN 的西兰花提取物，而其他 4 个组的饲料则分别添加了 0.15 g/kg 的姜黄（Cuo）、牛至（Oo）、百里香和迷迭香（Ro）精油。Cuo 和 Oo 略微降低了肉鸡的体重增加和饲料转化率。在空肠中，与 Con 组相比，SFN、Cuo 和 Ro 增加了外源性酶（环氧化物水解酶 1 和 2 以及黄曲霉毒素 B1 醛还原酶）和受“抗氧化反应元件”（ARE）调节的抗氧化酶血红素加氧酶的表达。与我们的预期相反，这些酶在肝脏中的表达均降低。然而，所有添加剂都增加了空肠和肝脏的 Trolox 当量抗氧化能力，并降低了肝脏中 Fe 诱导的脂质过氧化。我们得出结论，小肠中 ARE 基因的上调降低了机体的氧化应激，这代表了植物源饲料添加剂改善动物健康的一种新机制。
