Carbon Research Laboratory, University of Dayton Research Institute, Dayton, Ohio 45469, USA.
Tissue Eng Part A. 2012 May;18(9-10):946-56. doi: 10.1089/ten.TEA.2011.0533. Epub 2012 Feb 28.
Current biomedical scaffolds utilized in surgery to repair soft tissues commonly fail to meet the optimal combination of biomechanical and tissue regenerative properties. Carbon is a scaffold alternative that potentially optimizes the balance between mechanical strength, durability, and function as a cell and biologics delivery vehicle that is necessary to restore tissue function while promoting tissue repair. The goals of this study were to investigate the feasibility of fabricating hybrid fibrous carbon scaffolds modified with biopolymer, polycaprolactone and to analyze their mechanical properties and ability to support cell growth and proliferation. Environmental scanning electron microscopy, micro-computed tomography, and cell adhesion and cell proliferation studies were utilized to test scaffold suitability as a cell delivery vehicle. Mechanical properties were tested to examine load failure and elastic modulus. Results were compared to an acellular dermal matrix scaffold control (GraftJacket(®) [GJ] Matrix), selected for its common use in surgery for the repair of soft tissues. Results indicated that carbon scaffolds exhibited similar mechanical maximums and capacity to support fibroblast adhesion and proliferation in comparison with GJ. Fibroblast adhesion and proliferation was collinear with carbon fiber orientation in regions of sparsely distributed fibers and occurred in clusters in regions of higher fiber density and low porosity. Overall, fibroblast adhesion and proliferation was greatest in lower porosity carbon scaffolds with highly aligned fibers. Stepwise multivariate regression showed that the variability in maximum load of carbon scaffolds and controls were dependent on unique and separate sets of parameters. These finding suggested that there were significant differences in the functional implications of scaffold design and material properties between carbon and dermis derived scaffolds that affect scaffold utility as a tissue replacement construct.
目前用于修复软组织的手术中使用的生物医学支架通常无法达到最佳的生物力学和组织再生性能的结合。碳是一种支架替代物，它具有优化机械强度、耐久性和功能的潜力，作为细胞和生物制剂的输送载体，对于恢复组织功能和促进组织修复是必要的。本研究的目的是研究用生物聚合物聚己内酯修饰的混合纤维碳支架的制造可行性，并分析其机械性能和支持细胞生长和增殖的能力。利用环境扫描电子显微镜、微计算机断层扫描和细胞黏附和细胞增殖研究来测试支架作为细胞输送载体的适用性。对机械性能进行测试以检查负载失效和弹性模量。将结果与无细胞真皮基质支架对照物（GraftJacket(®) [GJ] Matrix）进行比较，选择它是因为它在软组织修复手术中常用于修复软组织。结果表明，与 GJ 相比，碳支架在机械最大值和支持成纤维细胞黏附和增殖的能力方面表现出相似的特性。成纤维细胞黏附和增殖与碳纤维的方向呈线性关系，在纤维稀疏分布的区域呈簇状，在纤维密度较高且孔隙率较低的区域呈线性关系。总的来说，在具有高度取向纤维的低孔隙率碳支架中，成纤维细胞的黏附和增殖最大。逐步多元回归表明，碳支架和对照物的最大负载的变异性取决于独特和独立的参数集。这些发现表明，碳和真皮衍生支架之间在支架设计和材料性能的功能影响方面存在显著差异，这会影响支架作为组织替代物的用途。
