Lienhard Reto
ADMED Microbiologie, Boucle de Cydalise 16, 2300 La Chaux-de-Fonds.
Rev Med Suisse. 2011 Oct 12;7(312):1964-7.
The role of serology in infectious disease diagnosis is highlighted by HIV and viral hepatitis diagnosis developed since the 80's. However, long before these recent developments serum reactivity played its role in diagnosing, active or previous severe bacterial infection in diseases such as typhoid fever (Widal), brucellosis (Wright test), syphilis (VDRL, Wassermann test), typhus (Weil-Felix test) etc. From early infection to immunity, serology analyzes the patient's immunological memory enabling the fight against infections. The resulting information depends on the type of pathogen, the site of infection, the host and the stage of disease. Together with the direct tests for the detection of pathogens, serological tests form the basis of microbiological diagnosis. To better understand the utility of serology, we will provide an overview and show its pitfalls.
自20世纪80年代以来，HIV和病毒性肝炎诊断凸显了血清学在传染病诊断中的作用。然而，早在这些最新进展之前，血清反应性就在诸如伤寒（肥达氏反应）、布鲁氏菌病（瑞特试验）、梅毒（VDRL、瓦色曼试验）、斑疹伤寒（外斐氏试验）等疾病的活动性或既往严重细菌感染诊断中发挥了作用。从早期感染到免疫，血清学分析患者的免疫记忆，助力对抗感染。所得信息取决于病原体类型、感染部位、宿主和疾病阶段。血清学检测与病原体直接检测一起，构成了微生物诊断的基础。为了更好地理解血清学的效用，我们将提供一个概述并指出其缺陷。
