CNC-Center of Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal.
Nanotechnology. 2011 Dec 9;22(49):494002. doi: 10.1088/0957-4484/22/49/494002. Epub 2011 Nov 21.
Nanoparticles (NPs) are very promising for the intracellular delivery of anticancer and immunomodulatory drugs, stem cell differentiation biomolecules and cell activity modulators. Although initial studies in the area of intracellular drug delivery have been performed in the delivery of DNA, there is an increasing interest in the use of other molecules to modulate cell activity. Herein, we review the latest advances in the intracellular-targeted delivery of short interference RNA, proteins and small molecules using NPs. In most cases, the drugs act at different cellular organelles and therefore the drug-containing NPs should be directed to precise locations within the cell. This will lead to the desired magnitude and duration of the drug effects. The spatial control in the intracellular delivery might open new avenues to modulate cell activity while avoiding side-effects.
纳米颗粒（NPs）在将抗癌和免疫调节药物、干细胞分化生物分子和细胞活性调节剂递送至细胞内方面具有很大的应用潜力。尽管最初的细胞内药物递送研究是在 DNA 递送上进行的，但人们对使用其他分子来调节细胞活性的兴趣日益增加。在此，我们综述了使用 NPs 进行短干扰 RNA、蛋白质和小分子的细胞内靶向递送来调控细胞活性的最新进展。在大多数情况下，药物作用于不同的细胞细胞器，因此载药 NPs 应该被递送到细胞内的特定位置。这将导致所需的药物作用的幅度和持续时间。细胞内递药的空间控制可能为调节细胞活性开辟新途径，同时避免副作用。
