Care and Public Health Research Institute (Caphri), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Br J Health Psychol. 2012 Feb;17(1):185-201. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8287.2011.02032.x. Epub 2011 Jun 27.
This study aims to identify the role of self-efficacy, recovery self-efficacy, and preparatory planning with regard to short-term smoking relapse. We also assessed whether the importance of these variables differed for smokers quitting individually and without help (self-quitters) and smokers quitting with the help of a smoking cessation course (group quitters).
A longitudinal quasi-experimental study with follow-ups at 1 and 3 months after the quit attempt was conducted in order to assess the role of baseline self-efficacy, recovery self-efficacy, and preparatory planning on short-term relapse.
The recruitment included adult daily smokers (N= 121), quitting in a smoking cessation course (N= 57) and self-quitters (N= 64). Respondents received internet-based questionnaires 2 weeks before quitting (baseline) and 1 and 3 months after the quit attempt. Predictors of relapse were analysed using logistic regression analyses.
Relapse at 1 and 3 months after the quit attempt was predicted by low levels of baseline self-efficacy. Simple slope analyses revealed that less preparatory planning significantly predicted relapse at 1 month after the quit attempt among group quitters, but not among self-quitters. Recovery self-efficacy was only predictive of relapse after 1 month when self-efficacy was excluded from the analyses. Moreover, among group quitters, the results indicated a borderline significant curved relation between recovery self-efficacy and relapse after 1 month.
Our results suggest that more research is needed on the role of preparatory planning and recovery self-efficacy. Moreover, we recommend incorporating self-efficacy increasing techniques in relapse-prevention interventions.
本研究旨在确定自我效能感、恢复效能感和预备性计划在短期吸烟复发中的作用。我们还评估了这些变量的重要性是否因个体且无帮助（自我戒烟者）和在戒烟课程帮助下戒烟的吸烟者（团体戒烟者）的戒烟方式而有所不同。
为了评估基线自我效能感、恢复效能感和预备性计划对短期复发的作用，进行了一项为期 1 个月和 3 个月随访的纵向准实验研究。
招募了成年每日吸烟者（N=121），包括参加戒烟课程的吸烟者（N=57）和自我戒烟者（N=64）。参与者在戒烟前 2 周（基线）以及戒烟后 1 个月和 3 个月接受了基于互联网的问卷调查。使用逻辑回归分析来分析复发的预测因素。
1 个月和 3 个月后的复发预测因素是基线自我效能感较低。简单斜率分析显示，在团体戒烟者中，预备性计划较少与戒烟后 1 个月的复发显著相关，但在自我戒烟者中则不相关。在排除自我效能感的分析中，恢复效能感仅在 1 个月后对复发有预测作用。此外，对于团体戒烟者，结果表明，恢复效能感与 1 个月后的复发之间存在边界显著的曲线关系。
我们的研究结果表明，需要进一步研究预备性计划和恢复效能感的作用。此外，我们建议在戒烟复发预防干预中纳入提高自我效能感的技术。
