Chapanis A, Moulden J V
National Transportation Safety Board, Washington, D.C.
Hum Factors. 1990 Apr;32(2):123-37. doi: 10.1177/001872089003200201.
Each of 52 (25 female and 27 male) high school students reproduced from memory 1000 eight-digit numbers after viewing each number for 5 s. Subjects were given unlimited time to reproduce the numbers and were allowed to change their reproductions. The range of errors was very large: from 71 to 2231 out of 8000 digits reproduced by each subject. Every subject showed a serial position effect and almost the same effect--about 70% of subjects made the greatest number of errors at the seventh digit. Female subjects made significantly more errors than did the males. Every subject improved his or her score by making changes. Data are given on the relative difficulty of recalling each of the 10 digits, the 100 doublets (pairs of digits), and the 1000 triplets (sets of three digits).
52名高中生（25名女生和27名男生）在对每个八位数字观看5秒后凭记忆进行复述。每位受试者有无限长的时间来复述这些数字，并且可以更改他们的复述内容。错误范围非常大：每位受试者复述的8000个数字中，错误数量从71到2231不等。每个受试者都表现出序列位置效应，而且几乎是相同的效应——约70%的受试者在第七位数字上出现的错误最多。女性受试者出现的错误明显多于男性。每个受试者通过更改都提高了自己的分数。文中给出了回忆10个单个数字、100个数字对以及1000个三位数组合的相对难度的数据。
