Zemskov A M, Sitnikova V P, Trutnev B D, Morozova V P, Kryukov V M, Nikitin A V, Yevstratova E F, Nastausheva T L
N.N. Burdenko Voronezh Medical School, USSR.
J Hyg Epidemiol Microbiol Immunol. 1990;34(2):219-26.
Experiments on immunized rabbits and guinea pigs indicated that sodium nucleinate (SN) was capable of weakening or entirely eliminating anaphylactic and skin reactions of delayed type hypersensitivity to repeated administration of staphyloanatoxin, APDT vaccine. The findings on patients with the infectious form of bronchial asthma and chronic rheumatism showed that sodium nucleinate attenuated reactions to the subcutaneous administration of staphylococcal and streptococcal allergens. The treatment of patients suffering from infectious-allergic bronchial asthma and rheumatism with SN resulted in the recovery of deficient T cells, T-suppressors, normalization of immunoglobulin concentrations. In children with acute glomerulonephritis sodium nucleinate normalized decreased T-suppressor cells and increased IgG and circulating immune complexes (CIC), resulting in a pronounced remission of disease. The mechanism of desensitization and elimination of CIC by SN has not been explored, however, the parameters of SN-induced immunomodulation are known rather completely. It is suggested that SN brings about accumulation in the cell of cyclic AMP which diminished membrane permeability, activates monoaminooxidase resulting in the degradation of histamine and other biogenic amines, enhances the synthesis of endogenous corticosteroids with their desensitizing properties. All these effects contribute to the elimination of delayed type hypersensitivity. The role of SN in the inhibition of delayed type hypersensitivity remains obscure.
对免疫兔子和豚鼠的实验表明，核酸钠（SN）能够减弱或完全消除对重复注射葡萄球菌毒素、APDT疫苗的过敏反应和迟发型超敏反应的皮肤反应。对支气管哮喘感染型和慢性风湿病患者的研究结果表明，核酸钠可减轻对皮下注射葡萄球菌和链球菌过敏原的反应。用SN治疗感染性过敏性支气管哮喘和风湿病患者可使缺陷性T细胞、T抑制细胞恢复，免疫球蛋白浓度正常化。在急性肾小球肾炎患儿中，核酸钠可使降低的T抑制细胞正常化，并增加IgG和循环免疫复合物（CIC），从而使疾病明显缓解。然而，SN脱敏和消除CIC的机制尚未得到探索，不过，SN诱导免疫调节的参数已相当清楚。有人认为，SN导致细胞内环磷酸腺苷积累，这会降低膜通透性，激活单胺氧化酶，导致组胺和其他生物胺降解，增强具有脱敏特性的内源性皮质类固醇的合成。所有这些作用都有助于消除迟发型超敏反应。SN在抑制迟发型超敏反应中的作用仍不清楚。
