Gutiérrez-Fraile Miguel, García-Calvo Carmen, Prieto Rita, Gutiérrez-Garitano Ignacio
Hospital Santiago Apóstol, Osakidetza Universidad País Vasco CIBERSAM, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
Actas Esp Psiquiatr. 2011 Nov-Dec;39(6):349-55. Epub 2011 Nov 1.
The aim of data presented is to increase knowledge about the morbidity and impact of mental disorders in Spanish psychiatry. The objective is to describe, based on real practice conditions, the most prevalent mental disorders in a sample of Spanish patients treated in outpatient Psychiatry centers.
Epidemiological, naturalistic, prospective, cross-sectional study, carried out in the outpatient psychiatry setting in Spain in 2006. Mental disorders were assessed using the International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI).
A total of 1,436 patients, 72% of whom were women, mean age of 49.2 ± 13.3 years, were included. According to the MINI assessment, 90.3 % of the patients were diagnosed of at least one mental disorder. The most prevalent mental disorders were: recurrent major depressive episode (27.2%, 353 patients); only current major depressive episode (2 weeks) (25.9%, 336 patients); current dysthymic disorder (last 2 years) (25.9%, 336 patients); current major depressive episode with melancholy symptoms (18.7%, 243 patients); current generalized anxiety disorder (16.6 %, 215 patients).
The study results show the prevalence of mental disorders in a sample representative of the Spanish population, treated in outpatient specialized Psychiatry centers. Mood and generalized anxiety disorders were the most prevalent disorders.
所呈现数据的目的是增加对西班牙精神病学中精神障碍的发病率和影响的了解。目标是基于实际临床情况，描述在西班牙门诊精神病中心接受治疗的患者样本中最常见的精神障碍。
2006年在西班牙门诊精神病学环境中进行的一项流行病学、自然主义、前瞻性横断面研究。使用国际神经精神访谈（MINI）评估精神障碍。
共纳入1436名患者，其中72%为女性，平均年龄49.2±13.3岁。根据MINI评估，90.3%的患者被诊断患有至少一种精神障碍。最常见的精神障碍为：复发性重度抑郁发作（27.2%，353例患者）；仅当前重度抑郁发作（2周）（25.9%，336例患者）；当前恶劣心境障碍（过去2年）（25.9%，336例患者）；当前伴有抑郁症状的重度抑郁发作（18.7%，243例患者）；当前广泛性焦虑障碍（16.6%，215例患者）。
研究结果显示了在西班牙门诊专科精神病中心接受治疗的、具有西班牙人群代表性的样本中精神障碍的患病率。心境障碍和广泛性焦虑障碍是最常见的障碍。
