Christie J, Schwan E V, Bodenstein L L, Sommerville J E M, van der Merwe L L
Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa.
J S Afr Vet Assoc. 2011 Jun;82(2):71-5. doi: 10.4102/jsava.v82i2.37.
Several faecal examination techniques have shown variable sensitivity in demonstrating Spirocerca lupi (S. lupi) eggs. The objective of this study was to determine which faecal examination technique, including a novel modified centrifugal flotation technique, was most sensitive to diagnose spirocercosis. Ten coproscopic examinations were performed on faeces collected from 33 dogs confirmed endoscopically to have spirocercosis. The tests included a direct faecal examination, a faecal sedimentation/flotation test, 4 direct faecal flotations and 4 modified faecal centrifugal flotations. These latter 2 flotation tests utilised 4 different faecal flotation solutions: NaNO3 (SG 1.22), MgSO4 (SG 1.29), ZnSO4 (SG 1.30) and sugar (SG 1.27). The sensitivity of the tests ranged between 42% and 67%, with the NaNO3 solution showing the highest sensitivity in both the direct and modified-centrifugal flotations. The modified NaNO3 centrifugal method ranked 1st with the highest mean egg count (45.24 +/- 83), and was superior (i.e. higher egg count) and significantly different (P < 0.05) compared with the routine saturated sugar, ZnSO4 and MgSO4 flotation methods. The routine NaNO3 flotation method was also superior and significantly different (P < 0.05) compared with the routine ZnSO4 and MgSO4 flotation methods. Fifteen per cent (n = 5) of dogs had neoplastic oesophageal nodules and a further 18% (n = 6) had both neoplastic and non-neoplastic nodules. S. lupi eggs were demonstrated in 40% of dogs with neoplastic nodules only and 72.9% of the dogs with non-neoplastic nodules. The mean egg count in the non-neoplastic group (61) was statistically greater (P = 0.02) than that of the neoplastic group (1). The results show that faecal examination using a NaNO3 solution is the most sensitive in the diagnosis of spirocercosis. The modified centrifugal flotation faecal method using this solution has the highest egg count. The study also found that dogs with neoplastic nodules shed significantly fewer eggs than dogs with non-neoplastic nodules.
几种粪便检查技术在检测狼旋尾线虫（S. lupi）虫卵时显示出不同的敏感性。本研究的目的是确定哪种粪便检查技术，包括一种新型改良离心浮选技术，对诊断旋尾线虫病最为敏感。对33只经内镜确诊患有旋尾线虫病的犬只采集的粪便进行了10次粪便检查。检测方法包括直接粪便检查、粪便沉淀/浮选试验、4次直接粪便浮选和4次改良粪便离心浮选。后两种浮选试验使用了4种不同的粪便浮选溶液：硝酸钠（比重1.22）、硫酸镁（比重1.29）、硫酸锌（比重1.30）和糖（比重1.27）。检测的敏感性在42%至67%之间，硝酸钠溶液在直接和改良离心浮选中均显示出最高的敏感性。改良硝酸钠离心法以最高的平均虫卵数（45.24±83）排名第一，与常规饱和糖、硫酸锌和硫酸镁浮选法相比更优（即虫卵数更高）且有显著差异（P<0.05）。常规硝酸钠浮选法与常规硫酸锌和硫酸镁浮选法相比也更优且有显著差异（P<0.05）。15%（n = 5）的犬有肿瘤性食管结节，另有18%（n = 6）既有肿瘤性结节又有非肿瘤性结节。仅在40%有肿瘤性结节的犬和72.9%有非肿瘤性结节的犬中检测到狼旋尾线虫虫卵。非肿瘤性组的平均虫卵数（61）在统计学上高于肿瘤性组（1）（P = 0.02）。结果表明，使用硝酸钠溶液进行粪便检查在诊断旋尾线虫病时最敏感。使用该溶液的改良离心浮选粪便法虫卵数最高。该研究还发现，有肿瘤性结节的犬排出的虫卵明显少于有非肿瘤性结节的犬。
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