J Sch Health. 2012 Jan;82(1):21-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2011.00663.x.
Social networks are important in adolescent smoking behavior. Previous research indicates that peer context is a major causal factor of adolescent smoking behavior. To date, however, little is known about the influence of peer group structure on adolescent smoking behavior.
Studies that examined adolescent social networks with regard to their cigarette smoking behavior were identified through online and manual literature searches. Ten social network analysis studies involving a total of 28,263 adolescents were included in the final review.
Of the 10 reviewed studies, 6 identify clique members, liaisons, and isolates as contributing factors to adolescent cigarette smoking. Significantly higher rates of smoking are noted among isolates than clique members or liaisons in terms of peer network structure. Eight of the reviewed studies indicate that peer selection or influence precedes adolescents' smoking behavior and intent to smoke. Such peer selection or influence accounts for a large portion of similarities among smoking adolescents.
Adolescents who are identified as isolates are more likely to smoke and engage in risk-taking behaviors than others in the peer network structure. Given that the vast majority of current adult smokers started their smoking habits during adolescence, adolescent smoking prevention efforts will likely benefit from incorporating social network analytic approaches and focusing the efforts on isolates and other vulnerable adolescents from a peer selection and influence perspective.
社交网络在青少年吸烟行为中很重要。先前的研究表明，同伴环境是青少年吸烟行为的一个主要因果因素。然而，迄今为止，人们对同伴群体结构对青少年吸烟行为的影响知之甚少。
通过在线和手动文献搜索，确定了研究青少年社交网络与吸烟行为的研究。最终综述共纳入了 10 项涉及 28263 名青少年的社会网络分析研究。
在这 10 项综述研究中，有 6 项研究将小团体成员、联络人和孤立者确定为导致青少年吸烟的因素。就同伴网络结构而言，孤立者的吸烟率明显高于小团体成员或联络人。其中 8 项综述研究表明，同伴选择或影响先于青少年的吸烟行为和吸烟意愿。这种同伴选择或影响解释了吸烟青少年之间的大部分相似之处。
与同伴网络结构中的其他成员相比，被确定为孤立者的青少年更有可能吸烟和从事冒险行为。鉴于绝大多数成年吸烟者在青少年时期开始吸烟习惯，青少年吸烟预防工作可能会受益于采用社会网络分析方法，并从同伴选择和影响的角度关注孤立者和其他易受影响的青少年。
