Vardar Erdal, Erzengin Mücadele
Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Edirne.
Turk Psikiyatri Derg. 2011 Winter;22(4):205-12.
The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of eating disorders (EDs) in adolescents and the prevalence of comorbid psychiatric disorders in adolescents with EDs.
During stage 1 of the study the Eating Attitude Test (EAT) was administered to 2907 randomly selected adolescent students. During stage 2 of the study students with an EAT score >30 underwent a clinical interview and those diagnosed with an ED (based on DSM-IV criteria) were included in the ED group. The control group included students that were age- and sex-matched with the ED group, were not diagnosed with an ED, and had an EAT score <30. Psychiatric comorbidity in the ED and control groups was evaluated using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (outpatient and non-patient forms). Additionally, a demographic data form, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were administered to all the participants.
In total, 68 (9 male and 59 female) of the 2907 students met the diagnostic criteria for an ED. Point prevalence rates were as follows: anorexia nervosa: 0.034%; bulimia nervosa: 0.79%: eating disorder not otherwise specified: 1.51%; binge eating disorder: 0.99%; any ED: 2.33%. None of the male participants were diagnosed with anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa. In all, 8 male students were diagnosed with binge eating disorder. The prevalence of comorbid psychiatric disorders was higher in the ED group. Major depression was the most prevalent comorbid disorder in the ED group, followed by generalized anxiety disorder and social phobia. The body mass index, and BDI, BAI, and EAT scores were higher in the ED group than in the control group.
The results of this study show that whereas the point prevalence rate for EDs among all the participants was 2.3%, it was 4.03% among the female participants. Moreover, ED not otherwise specified was the most prevalent ED, and binge eating disorder was the most common ED among the males. The prevalence rates in the present study are similar to those observed in Western countries, except for the prevalence rate for anorexia nervosa, which in the present study was lower. Major depression and generalized anxiety disorder were the most prevalent comorbid disorders in the ED group.
本研究旨在确定青少年饮食失调（EDs）的患病率以及患有饮食失调的青少年中合并精神疾病的患病率。
在研究的第一阶段，对2907名随机选取的青少年学生进行了饮食态度测试（EAT）。在研究的第二阶段，EAT得分>30的学生接受了临床访谈，被诊断为患有饮食失调（基于《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版标准）的学生被纳入饮食失调组。对照组包括与饮食失调组年龄和性别匹配、未被诊断为饮食失调且EAT得分<３０的学生。使用针对《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版修订本的结构化临床访谈（门诊和非患者形式）评估饮食失调组和对照组的精神疾病共病情况。此外，还向所有参与者发放了一份人口统计学数据表、贝克抑郁量表（BDI）和贝克焦虑量表（BAI）。
在2907名学生中，共有68名（9名男性和59名女性）符合饮食失调的诊断标准。时点患病率如下：神经性厌食症：0.034%；神经性贪食症：0.79%；未另行规定的饮食失调：1.51%；暴饮暴食症：0.99%；任何饮食失调：2.33%。男性参与者均未被诊断为神经性厌食症或神经性贪食症。共有8名男学生被诊断为暴饮暴食症。饮食失调组中合并精神疾病的患病率更高。重度抑郁症是饮食失调组中最常见的共病，其次是广泛性焦虑症和社交恐惧症。饮食失调组的体重指数、BDI、BAI和EAT得分均高于对照组。
本研究结果表明，所有参与者中饮食失调的时点患病率为2.3%，而女性参与者中为4.03%。此外，未另行规定的饮食失调是最常见 的饮食失调类型，而暴饮暴食症是男性中最常见的饮食失调类型。本研究中的患病率与西方国家观察到的患病率相似，但神经性厌食症的患病率在本研究中较低。重度抑郁症和广泛性焦虑症是饮食失调组中最常见的共病。
