利用非洲巨囊鼠检测人类痰液样本中的结核病：2010年研究结果。
Using giant African pouched rats to detect tuberculosis in human sputum samples: 2010 findings.
作者信息
Mahoney Amanda M, Weetjens Bart J, Cox Christophe, Beyene Negussie, Mgode Georgies, Jubitana Maureen, Kuipers Dian, Kazwala Rudovic, Mfinanga Godfrey S, Durgin Amy, Poling Alan
机构信息
Anti-Persoonsmijnen Ontmijnende Product Ontwikkeling, Morogoro, Tanzania.
出版信息
Pan Afr Med J. 2011;9:28. doi: 10.4314/pamj.v9i1.71204. Epub 2011 Jul 18.
Giant African pouched rats previously have detected tuberculosis (TB) in human sputum samples in which the presence of TB was not initially detected by smear microscopy. Operant conditioning principles were used to train these rats to indicate TB-positive samples. In 2010, rats trained in this way evaluated 26,665 sputum samples from 12,329 patients. Microscopy performed at DOTS centers found 1,671 (13.6%) of these patients to be TB-positive. Detection rats identified 716 additional TB-positive patients, a 42.8% increase in new-case detection. These previously unreported data, which extend to over 20,000 the number of patients evaluated by pouched rats in simulated second-line screening, suggest that the rats can be highly valuable in that capacity.
此前，非洲巨囊鼠已在人类痰液样本中检测出结核病（TB），而这些样本最初通过涂片显微镜检查并未检测出结核病。操作性条件反射原理被用于训练这些大鼠识别结核病呈阳性的样本。2010年，以这种方式训练的大鼠评估了来自12329名患者的26665份痰液样本。在直接观察短程治疗（DOTS）中心进行的显微镜检查发现，这些患者中有1671人（13.6%）结核病呈阳性。经检测的大鼠又识别出716名结核病呈阳性的患者，新病例检测增加了42.8%。这些此前未报告的数据将接受巨囊鼠模拟二线筛查评估的患者数量扩大到了2万多人，表明这些大鼠在这方面可能具有很高的价值。
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