Wayne State University, Institute of Gerontology & Department of Family Medicine & Public Health Sciences, Division of Population Health Science, 87 East Ferry Street, Knapp Building, Room 234, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2012 Feb;21(2):351-7. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-11-0873. Epub 2011 Dec 6.
The study objectives were to compare and examine mammography use trends among ethnic/racial women in the context of United States Healthy People 2010 goals.
We analyzed pooled, multistage probability sample data from the 1996-2007 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. Included in the sample were female respondents of ages 40 to 75 years (N = 64,811) from six ethnic/racial groups (Black, White, Mexican, Other Latinas, Puerto Rican, and Cuban). The primary outcome was self-reported, past two-year mammography use consistent with screening practice guidelines.
We found that for most U.S. women, the Healthy People 2010 mammography goal (70%) was achieved between 1996 and 2007. Puerto Rican and White women, respectively, had the highest mammography rates, and Black and Cuban women had rates that approached the 2010 goal.
Mexican Latinas reported the lowest rates of past two-year mammography; however, factors enabling healthcare access markedly moderated this lower likelihood. From 2000, Mexican Latinas' mammography use was markedly below (10%) the Healthy People 2010 goal and remained there for the duration.
Our findings indicate that healthcare equity goals are attainable if efforts are made to reach a sizeable portion of vulnerable populations.
本研究旨在比较和分析美国健康人 2010 年目标背景下不同族裔/种族女性的乳房 X 光检查使用趋势。
我们分析了 1996-2007 年医疗支出调查多阶段概率抽样数据。样本包括来自六个族裔/种族群体（黑人、白人、墨西哥裔、其他拉丁裔、波多黎各裔和古巴裔）的 40-75 岁女性受访者（N=64811）。主要结果是自我报告的过去两年内符合筛查实践指南的乳房 X 光检查使用情况。
我们发现，对于大多数美国女性来说，在 1996 年至 2007 年间，健康人 2010 年的乳房 X 光检查目标（70%）已经实现。波多黎各裔和白种女性的乳房 X 光检查率最高，而黑人和古巴裔女性的检查率接近 2010 年的目标。
墨西哥裔拉丁女性报告的过去两年乳房 X 光检查率最低；然而，获得医疗保健的因素显著缓和了这种低可能性。自 2000 年以来，墨西哥裔拉丁女性的乳房 X 光检查使用率明显低于（10%）健康人 2010 年的目标，并且在整个研究期间一直保持在这一水平。
我们的研究结果表明，如果努力覆盖到相当一部分弱势群体，实现医疗保健公平的目标是可以实现的。
