Kobayakawa Mutsutaka, Kawamura Mitsuru
Tamagawa University Brain Science Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
Brain Nerve. 2011 Dec;63(12):1352-60.
Social cognition includes various components of information processing related to communication with other individuals. In this review, we have discussed 3 components of social cognitive function: face recognition, empathy, and decision making. Our social behavior involves recognition based on facial features and also involves empathizing with others; while making decisions, it is important to consider the social consequences of the course of action followed. Face recognition is divided into 2 routes for information processing: a route responsible for overt recognition of the face's identity and a route for emotional and orienting responses based on the face's personal affective significance. Two systems are possibly involved in empathy: a basic emotional contagion "mirroring" system and a more advanced "theory of mind" system that considers the cognitive perspective. Decision making is mediated by a widespread system that includes several cortical and subcortical components. Numerous lesion and neuroimaging studies have contributed to clarifying the neural correlates of social cognitive function, and greater information can be obtained on social cognitive function by combining these 2 approaches.
社会认知包括与与其他个体交流相关的信息处理的各个组成部分。在本综述中，我们讨论了社会认知功能的3个组成部分：面部识别、共情和决策。我们的社会行为涉及基于面部特征的识别，也涉及对他人的共情；在做决策时，考虑所采取行动过程的社会后果很重要。面部识别分为2条信息处理途径：一条负责对面部身份的公开识别，另一条基于面部的个人情感意义进行情感和定向反应。共情可能涉及两个系统：一个基本的情绪感染“镜像”系统和一个更高级的“心理理论”系统，后者考虑认知视角。决策由一个广泛的系统介导，该系统包括几个皮质和皮质下组成部分。大量的病变和神经影像学研究有助于阐明社会认知功能的神经关联，通过结合这两种方法可以获得更多关于社会认知功能的信息。
