UCB Pharma, 1950 Lake Park Drive, Smyrna, GA 30080, USA.
Expert Rev Neurother. 2012 Jan;12(1):99-105. doi: 10.1586/ern.11.181.
Seizures and chronic kidney disease are both common and often coexist. Treating seizures in patients with renal failure, including those on dialysis, is a challenge that is frequently encountered, especially in the inpatient setting. For the newer antiepileptic drugs, there are limited data available, so an understanding of how each drug is affected by kidney disease and dialysis is critical in order to make rational choices qualitatively (which drug) and quantitatively (dosing). Generally, newer (second-generation) antiepileptic drugs are associated with fewer systemic side effects and drug-drug interactions, so they tend to be preferred in this population. The landscape of antiepileptic drugs is constantly evolving, with new compounds being released on a regular basis. Thus, several new agents have become available since the last review of this topic (in 2006) and these are the ones discussed here. Most require dosage adjustment according to the degree of renal failure, and most require extra doses after dialysis.
癫痫发作和慢性肾脏病都是常见的疾病，且常同时存在。治疗肾衰竭患者（包括透析患者）的癫痫发作是一个常见的挑战，特别是在住院环境中。对于较新的抗癫痫药物，可用的数据有限，因此了解每种药物如何受肾脏病和透析的影响对于做出合理的定性（选择哪种药物）和定量（剂量）选择至关重要。通常，较新的（第二代）抗癫痫药物与较少的全身副作用和药物相互作用相关，因此在该人群中倾向于首选这些药物。抗癫痫药物的种类不断变化，定期有新的化合物问世。因此，自上次（2006 年）对该主题进行审查以来，已经有几种新的药物可供使用，本文将对其进行讨论。大多数药物需要根据肾衰竭的程度调整剂量，并且大多数药物在透析后需要额外的剂量。
