Ostaszkiewicz Joan, O'Connell Bev, Dunning Trisha
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Scand J Caring Sci. 2012 Dec;26(4):761-72. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-6712.2011.00959.x. Epub 2011 Dec 12.
Individuals in residential aged care facilities experience urinary incontinence more than any other single population. Despite these factors, the impact of the condition on their quality of life, their perspectives of living with the condition, and their preferences for care have received little research attention.
To provide a descriptive overview of research about; the impact of urinary incontinence on residents' quality of life; residents' perspectives of having urinary incontinence; and their preferences for continence care'.
A descriptive review of literature.
A broad search was undertaken for qualitative and quantitative research that evaluated residents' quality of life related to urinary incontinence; their perspectives on having urinary incontinence, and their preferences for managing it. Data were displayed in tabular format, summarized, and described.
Ten studies were identified and reviewed (six qualitative and four quantitative). They reveal many residents' value having independent bowel and bladder function, but believe that incontinence in inevitable and intractable. Some adopt self management strategies, however considerable barriers hinder their ability to maintain continence and manage incontinence. Residents often have low expectations, and hence decline further evaluation and treatment. Some express satisfaction with continence care even if this care is not consistent with their preferences. Little is known about how cognitively impaired residents perceive their condition. However some individuals with cognitive impairment respond with acute anxiety when carers' attempt to provide continence care.
Residents' perspectives on incontinence and preferences for continence care relate to low expectations for improvement. Such misconceptions should be addressed and residents and their family members should be given a range of options from which to choose. As urinary incontinence impacts on residents' quality of life, it is also important that continence care is delivered in a participative and sensitive way.
与其他任何单一人群相比，居住在老年护理机构中的个体经历尿失禁的情况更为常见。尽管存在这些因素，但该病症对他们生活质量的影响、他们对患有该病症的看法以及他们对护理的偏好却很少受到研究关注。
对以下方面的研究进行描述性概述：尿失禁对居民生活质量的影响；居民对患有尿失禁的看法；以及他们对失禁护理的偏好。
文献的描述性综述。
广泛搜索定性和定量研究，这些研究评估了与尿失禁相关的居民生活质量、他们对患有尿失禁的看法以及他们对管理尿失禁的偏好。数据以表格形式呈现、总结和描述。
确定并审查了十项研究（六项定性研究和四项定量研究）。这些研究表明，许多居民重视拥有独立的肠道和膀胱功能，但认为失禁是不可避免且难以解决的。一些人采取自我管理策略，然而相当多的障碍阻碍了他们维持控尿和管理失禁的能力。居民的期望往往较低，因此拒绝进一步评估和治疗。一些人即使这种护理与他们的偏好不一致，也对失禁护理表示满意。对于认知障碍居民如何看待自己的病情知之甚少。然而，当护理人员试图提供失禁护理时，一些认知障碍个体反应强烈焦虑。
居民对失禁的看法和对失禁护理的偏好与改善期望较低有关。应消除此类误解，并为居民及其家庭成员提供一系列可供选择的方案。由于尿失禁会影响居民的生活质量，以参与性和敏感性的方式提供失禁护理也很重要。
