Department of Civil Engineering, University of Toledo, OH, USA.
Sci Total Environ. 2012 Jan 1;414:328-34. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.10.068. Epub 2011 Dec 7.
A field study was conducted during the summer of 2009 to collect airborne particulate matter emitted during the agricultural activities. The activities surrounding the injection application of class B biosolids were targeted for the sampling. The sampling was carried out before (pre-application), during (application), and after (post-application) the application. This study characterized the particulate emissions deposited on the aerosols spectrometer. The effect of different biosolids related activities was significant on the mass concentration, the number concentration, and the size distribution. The mass concentration of fine (PM(2.5)) and ultrafine (PM(1.0)) was highest during the pre-application. The mass concentration of thoracic fraction (PM(2.5-10)) increased significantly during the application. A bimodal size distribution was observed throughout the sampling. Nuclei mode formation was predominant during the pre-application and the post-application, whereas the accumulation mode was distinctive during the application. The number concentration of ultrafine particles was highest during the entire sampling period. The application of biosolids resulted into a higher number of coarse particle emission. It was also observed that the ultrafine and fine particles traveled longer downwind distances. The emission rates were determined for pre-application, application, and post-application activities.
2009 年夏天进行了一项野外研究，以收集农业活动期间排放的空气传播颗粒物。针对生物固体 B 类注射应用的相关活动进行了采样。采样在应用之前（预应用）、应用期间和应用之后（后应用）进行。本研究对沉积在气溶胶光谱仪上的颗粒物排放进行了特征描述。不同的生物固体相关活动对质量浓度、数量浓度和粒径分布有显著影响。在预应用期间，细颗粒物（PM(2.5))和超细颗粒物（PM(1.0))的质量浓度最高。在应用期间，胸部分数（PM(2.5-10))的质量浓度显著增加。在整个采样过程中观察到双峰粒径分布。核模态形成在预应用和后应用期间占主导地位，而在应用期间则是积累模态占主导地位。超细颗粒的数量浓度在整个采样期间最高。生物固体的应用导致了更多的粗颗粒排放。还观察到超细和细颗粒顺风传播的距离更远。确定了预应用、应用和后应用活动的排放率。
