Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Trends Genet. 2012 Mar;28(3):101-9. doi: 10.1016/j.tig.2011.11.002. Epub 2011 Dec 7.
There is considerable variation within eukaryotic genomes in the local rate of crossing over. Why is this and what effect does it have on genome evolution? On the genome scale, it is known that by shuffling alleles, recombination increases the efficacy of selection. By contrast, the extent to which differences in the recombination rate modulate the efficacy of selection between genomic regions is unclear. Recombination also has direct consequences on the origin and fate of mutations: biased gene conversion and other forms of meiotic drive promote the fixation of mutations in a similar way to selection, and recombination itself may be mutagenic. Consideration of both the direct and indirect effects of recombination is necessary to understand why its rate is so variable and for correct interpretation of patterns of genome evolution.
真核生物基因组中的交叉重组局部速率存在很大的差异。造成这种差异的原因是什么，它对基因组进化有什么影响？在基因组尺度上，人们已经知道通过重组交换等位基因可以提高选择的效率。相比之下，重组率的差异在多大程度上调节了基因组区域之间选择的效率尚不清楚。重组对突变的起源和命运也有直接的影响：偏向性基因转换和其他形式的减数分裂驱动以类似于选择的方式促进突变的固定，而重组本身也可能具有突变性。为了理解为什么重组率如此多变，以及正确解释基因组进化的模式，有必要同时考虑重组的直接和间接影响。
