Al-Agha Abdulmoein, Ocheltree Ali, Hakeem Amr
King Abdulaziz University, Department of Pediatrics, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2011;3(4):202-7. doi: 10.4274/jcrpe.415.
Preventing long-term diabetic complications requires good metabolic control, especially in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). We describe the metabolic control of T1DM and the factors affecting it among children and adolescents attending the Pediatric Clinic at King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital.
A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on T1DM children and adolescents who had attended the Pediatric Clinic at King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital from 2006 to 2010. Both clinical and laboratory data were reviewed for the enrolled cases. The mean age of the patients was 12.5 ± 4.1 years. Ages ranged from 1 to 18 years (n = 484: male = 213, female = 271). 38.6% of the patients were pre-pubertal and 61.4%-- pubertal. The patients were categorized into 3 age groups as 1-6 years (10.3%), 7-12 years (33.5%) and 13-18 years (56.2%).
The overall mean HbA1c was 9.4 ± 2.4% and the duration of patient follow-up was 26 ± 17 months. 10.3% of the patients were on conventional insulin regimens and 89.7%--on intensive insulin therapy. 31.4% had satisfactory HbA1c according to the American Diabetes Association guidelines. The duration of T1DM was 2.9 ± 1.4 years. The patients with diabetes duration ≤ 2 years (45%) had a mean HbA1c of 8.7 ± 1.8% and those with diabetes duration > 2 years (55%) had a mean HbA1c value of 9.8 ± 2.3% (p < 0.001).
The metabolic control of T1DM children in our cohort was less satisfactory than in other studies. We recommend the promotion of physical exercise and family educational programs to improve the metabolic control of T1DM pediatric patients in our population.
预防糖尿病长期并发症需要良好的代谢控制，尤其是在1型糖尿病（T1DM）患者中。我们描述了阿卜杜勒-阿齐兹国王大学医院儿科门诊就诊的儿童和青少年T1DM的代谢控制情况及其影响因素。
对2006年至2010年在阿卜杜勒-阿齐兹国王大学医院儿科门诊就诊的T1DM儿童和青少年进行回顾性横断面研究。对纳入病例的临床和实验室数据进行了审查。患者的平均年龄为12.5±4.1岁。年龄范围为1至18岁（n = 484：男性 = 213，女性 = 271）。38.6%的患者处于青春期前，61.4%处于青春期。患者分为3个年龄组，即1 - 6岁（10.3%）、7 - 12岁（33.5%）和13 - 18岁（56.2%）。
总体平均糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）为9.4±2.4%，患者随访时间为26±17个月。10.3%的患者采用传统胰岛素治疗方案，89.7%采用强化胰岛素治疗。根据美国糖尿病协会指南，31.4%的患者糖化血红蛋白控制良好。T1DM病程为2.9±1.4年。糖尿病病程≤2年的患者（45%）平均糖化血红蛋白为8.7±1.8%，病程>2年的患者（55%）平均糖化血红蛋白值为9.8±2.3%（p < .001）。
我们队列中T1DM儿童的代谢控制情况不如其他研究。我们建议推广体育锻炼和家庭教育项目，以改善我们人群中T1DM儿科患者的代谢控制。
