Shea Kayla M, Hewitt Amy J, Olmstead Mary C, Brien James F, Reynolds James N
Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
Behav Pharmacol. 2012 Feb;23(1):105-12. doi: 10.1097/FBP.0b013e32834ed866.
The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that prenatal exposure to ethanol, through maternal consumption of an aqueous ethanol solution, induces neurobehavioral deficits and increases ethanol preference in offspring. Pregnant Dunkin-Hartley-strain guinea pigs were given 24-h access to an aqueous ethanol solution (5%, v/v) sweetened with sucralose (1 g/l), or water sweetened with sucralose (1 g/l), throughout gestation. Spontaneous locomotor activity was measured in the offspring on postnatal day (PD) 10. The offspring underwent either ethanol preference testing using a two-bottle-choice paradigm beginning on PD 40 or Morris water maze testing using a hidden moving platform design beginning on PD 60. Maternal consumption of a 5% (v/v) ethanol solution (average daily dose of 2.3±0.1 g of ethanol/kg maternal body weight; range: 1.8-2.8 g/kg) decreased offspring birth weight, increased spontaneous locomotor activity, and increased preference for an aqueous ethanol solution. In the Morris water maze test, sucralose-exposed offspring decreased escape latency on the second day of testing, whereas the ethanol-exposed offspring showed no improvement. These data demonstrate that moderate maternal consumption of ethanol produces hyperactivity, enhances ethanol preference, and impairs learning and memory in guinea pig offspring.
孕期母体摄入乙醇水溶液会导致子代出现神经行为缺陷并增加其对乙醇的偏好。在整个妊娠期，给怀孕的Dunkin-Hartley品系豚鼠提供24小时饮用含三氯蔗糖（1克/升）甜味剂的乙醇水溶液（5%，v/v），或含三氯蔗糖（1克/升）甜味剂的水。在出生后第10天测量子代的自发运动活动。子代在出生后第40天开始使用双瓶选择范式进行乙醇偏好测试，或在出生后第60天开始使用隐藏移动平台设计进行莫里斯水迷宫测试。母体摄入5%（v/v）乙醇溶液（乙醇平均日剂量为2.3±0.1克/千克母体体重；范围：1.8 - 2.8克/千克）会降低子代出生体重，增加自发运动活动，并增加对子代乙醇水溶液的偏好。在莫里斯水迷宫测试中，摄入三氯蔗糖的子代在测试第二天缩短了逃避潜伏期，而摄入乙醇的子代则没有改善。这些数据表明，母体适度摄入乙醇会导致豚鼠子代多动、增强乙醇偏好，并损害学习和记忆。
