Ohkuma A, Kawaguchi M, Sugimoto S, Yanagimoto M, Hattori T
Department of Neurosurgery, Prefectural Gifu Hospital.
No Shinkei Geka. 1990 Aug;18(8):729-34.
Fifty-five patients who underwent surgery for ruptured aneurysm of the anterior circulation were evaluated with respect to postoperative epilepsy. Prophylactic treatment with anticonvulsants had been carried out in all patients. The overall incidence of the postoperative epilepsy was 23.6% (13/55). The mean latency between the operation and the first seizure was 11 months (range, 8 days to 5 years). The most important risk factors by statistical analyses were multiple aneurysms, preoperative severity, severe subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracerebral hematoma, normal pressure hydrocephalus, EEG abnormalities in the chronic stage, intracerebral low density area on CT-films and neurological deficit. Other risk factors were aneurysm of MCA and early operation for aneurysm. Our opinions concerning postoperative anticonvulsant therapy for aneurysmal patients are as follows. 1) Prophylactic treatment with anticonvulsant should be administered to all patients who have undergone aneurysm surgery. 2) The risk factors should be considered in determining the duration of medication with the anticonvulsant. 3) The treatment with the anticonvulsant should be performed while monitoring the clinical course, EEG findings, plasma concentration level of the anticonvulsant and side effects of the drugs.
对55例行前循环破裂动脉瘤手术的患者进行了术后癫痫评估。所有患者均接受了抗惊厥药物的预防性治疗。术后癫痫的总体发生率为23.6%(13/55)。手术与首次发作之间的平均潜伏期为11个月(范围,8天至5年)。经统计分析,最重要的危险因素为多发动脉瘤、术前严重程度、严重蛛网膜下腔出血、脑内血肿、正常压力脑积水、慢性期脑电图异常、CT片上脑内低密度区和神经功能缺损。其他危险因素为大脑中动脉动脉瘤和动脉瘤早期手术。我们对动脉瘤患者术后抗惊厥治疗的观点如下。1) 应对所有接受动脉瘤手术的患者进行抗惊厥药物的预防性治疗。2) 在确定抗惊厥药物的用药持续时间时应考虑危险因素。3) 应在监测临床病程、脑电图结果、抗惊厥药物的血浆浓度水平和药物副作用的同时进行抗惊厥药物治疗。